Exploring the knowledge behind predictions in everyday cognition: an iterated learning study
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Stephens, Rachel G.1; Dunn, John C.1; Rao, Li-Lin2 ; Li, Shu2
|
| 刊名 | MEMORY & COGNITION
 |
| 出版日期 | 2015-10-01 |
| 卷号 | 43期号:7页码:1007-1020 |
| 关键词 | Everyday reasoning Iterated learning Bayesian inference Cross-cultural comparison |
| ISSN号 | 0090-502X |
| 英文摘要 | Making accurate predictions about events is an important but difficult task. Recent work suggests that people are adept at this task, making predictions that reflect surprisingly accurate knowledge of the distributions of real quantities. Across three experiments, we used an iterated learning procedure to explore the basis of this knowledge: to what extent is domain experience critical to accurate predictions and how accurate are people when faced with unfamiliar domains? In Experiment 1, two groups of participants, one resident in Australia, the other in China, predicted the values of quantities familiar to both (movie run-times), unfamiliar to both (the lengths of Pharaoh reigns), and familiar to one but unfamiliar to the other (cake baking durations and the lengths of Beijing bus routes). While predictions from both groups were reasonably accurate overall, predictions were inaccurate in the selectively unfamiliar domains and, surprisingly, predictions by the China-resident group were also inaccurate for a highly familiar domain: local bus route lengths. Focusing on bus routes, two follow-up experiments with Australia-resident groups clarified the knowledge and strategies that people draw upon, plus important determinants of accurate predictions. For unfamiliar domains, people appear to rely on extrapolating from (not simply directly applying) related knowledge. However, we show that people's predictions are subject to two sources of error: in the estimation of quantities in a familiar domain and extension to plausible values in an unfamiliar domain. We propose that the key to successful predictions is not simply domain experience itself, but explicit experience of relevant quantities. |
| 收录类别 | SSCI |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000361000900003 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/15225]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 作者单位 | 1.Univ Adelaide, Sch Psychol, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Psychol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Stephens, Rachel G.,Dunn, John C.,Rao, Li-Lin,et al. Exploring the knowledge behind predictions in everyday cognition: an iterated learning study[J]. MEMORY & COGNITION,2015,43(7):1007-1020. |
| APA | Stephens, Rachel G.,Dunn, John C.,Rao, Li-Lin,&Li, Shu.(2015).Exploring the knowledge behind predictions in everyday cognition: an iterated learning study.MEMORY & COGNITION,43(7),1007-1020. |
| MLA | Stephens, Rachel G.,et al."Exploring the knowledge behind predictions in everyday cognition: an iterated learning study".MEMORY & COGNITION 43.7(2015):1007-1020. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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