中国科学院机构知识库网格
Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid
亮氨酸缺乏时中枢神经系统调节外周能量代谢的机制

文献类型:学位论文

作者夏婷婷
学位类别博士
答辩日期2014-05
授予单位中国科学院上海生命科学研究院营养科学研究所
授予地点中国科学院上海生命科学研究院
导师郭非凡
关键词亮氨酸 能量代谢 下丘脑 S6激酶1 促肾上腺激素释放激素 促甲状腺激素释放激素
其他题名Regulation of Peripheral Energy Homeostasis by Central Nervous System in Response to Leucine Deprivation
学位专业生物化学与分子生物学
中文摘要能量稳态是能量摄入和能量消耗的平衡。能量稳态的失衡可能增加多种疾病的风险,如肥胖、II型糖尿病、心血管疾病。中枢神经系统,尤其是下丘脑,能感应营养等信号分子,从而调节机体对能量稳态的维持,并且近年来已逐渐成为一个研究热点。我们之前发现饮食中支链氨基酸,尤其是亮氨酸缺乏饮食会引起小鼠体重的减轻,腹部脂肪的减少,氧耗的增加,褐色脂肪解耦联蛋白UCP1的增加,白色脂肪脂解增加、合成减少。并且这种作用是通过中枢神经系统调控的。具体表现为中枢感应到氨基酸下降后会增加下丘脑促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)的表达,激活交感神经系统,从而促进了白色脂肪的脂解和褐色脂肪组织UCP1表达的增加,最终导致脂肪丢失,体重下降。 在本论文中,我们对亮氨酸缺乏导致脂肪丢失和能量代谢的机制进性了横向和纵向的深入探讨。我们发现:1. 亮氨酸缺乏饮食是通过抑制下丘脑中S6K1蛋白激酶 (p70 S6K1)的活性,从而激活膜受体黑素皮质素受体4(MC4R),激活PKA/cAMP/CREB信号通路,从而增加CRH转录的;2. 除了CRH参与了能量代谢,我们还发现下丘脑促甲状腺激素释放激素(TRH)也可以被亮氨酸缺乏所激活,调控外周能量代谢。并且这种调控作用也是受cAMP 反应元件结合蛋白(CREB)所调控的。我们还发现CREB 受到磷酸激酶ERK1/2和I型磷酸酶PP1的共同调控。 综上所述,这些研究发现了氨基酸通过中枢调节外周能量代谢的分子机制,揭示了参与作用的信号分子和激素之间的调控关系,为全面阐明中枢调节外周能量代谢提供了更多依据。
索取号D2014-054
英文摘要Obesity is now recognized as a global crisis because of its increasing prevalence and serious comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. The central nervous system regulates energy homeostasis by maintaining a balance between energy intake and energy expenditure. We have previously shown that leucine deprivation decreases abdominal fat mass largely by increasing energy expenditure, and that this effect is mediated by increased corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) expression in the hypothalamus. The molecular mechanisms underlying the central nervous system (CNS) control of leucine deprivation-induced fat loss, however, are largely unknown. In our current study, we demonstrate a key role for hypothalamic p70 S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) in the regulation of energy expenditure during leucine deprivation. Furthermore, we show that the effect of S6K1 is mediated by modulation of CRH expression in a melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R)-dependent manner. In addition, we also identify a novel role for central thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in leucine deprivation-mediated stimulation of energy expenditure, which is dependent on cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation. Finally, we show that leucine deprivation increases CREB phosphorylation by extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and decreases CREB dephosphorylation by PPP1R3C (a regulatory subunit)-containing protein Ser/Thr phosphatase type 1. Taken together, our studies provide a new perspective for the understanding of the CNS regulation of energy expenditure and crosstalk between nutritional control and endocrine signals regulation.
语种中文
公开日期2016-02-26
源URL[http://202.127.25.144/handle/331004/394]  
专题中国科学院上海生命科学研究院营养科学研究所_代谢的遗传与营养调控研究组
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
夏婷婷. 亮氨酸缺乏时中枢神经系统调节外周能量代谢的机制[D]. 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院. 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院营养科学研究所. 2014.

入库方式: OAI收割

来源:上海营养与健康研究所

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