一种共聚型聚酰亚胺纤维的表面特性及其界面性能
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 郑超 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015-04 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 |
| 导师 | 邱雪鹏 |
| 关键词 | 聚酰亚胺纤维 表面特性 界面性能 表面改性 |
| 中文摘要 | 聚酰亚胺纤维作为一种新型高性能有机纤维，具有优异的力学性能、耐热性、环境稳定性及介电性能，与目前广泛使用的玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维等相比，具有更低的密度或更高的使用温度等优势，故有望在树脂基先进复合材料、高性能绳索、线缆等高技术领域得到广泛的应用。本论文以一种共聚型高强高模聚酰亚胺纤维为研究对象，对其表面特性、表面改性及其与两种树脂的界面性能进行了详细研究，加深了对纤维表面特性和界面性能的认识，得到了简单的酸碱处理对纤维力学性能和表面及界面性能的影响规律，为纤维的实际应用奠定坚实基础。 首先，从力学性能、耐热性、表面特性和与树脂的界面剪切强度等几个方面，将共聚型聚酰亚胺纤维与PBO、K-49、F-12几种商品化高性能有机纤维进行了对比，结果发现，共聚型PI纤维的力学性能优于芳纶K-49纤维，但劣于PBO和F-12纤维；耐热性良好，玻璃化转变温度约为266 °C；300 °C和370 °C高温热老化性能优于F-12纤维，但劣于PBO和K-49纤维；聚酰亚胺纤维表面含氧活性基团含量低，表面自由能较小，与环氧树脂和聚酰亚胺树脂的界面粘合性差，界面剪切强度高于PBO纤维，但低于芳纶纤维。 其次，采用简单的酸碱处理方法对这种共聚型聚酰亚胺纤维表面进行了表面改性，详细研究了KOH、NaOH、H2SO4和HNO3四种溶液的处理时间、处理温度和处理溶液浓度对纤维力学性能和表面特性的影响，优化了处理条件。发现处理后的纤维力学性能下降，表面出现沟槽而变得粗糙，表面氧元素含量及含氧活性基团含量与未处理的纤维相比大幅度增加，且纤维表面自由能中的极性分量所占比重提高。采用较优化处理条件时，纤维力学性能受影响较小，KOH、NaOH、H2SO4和HNO3四种溶液处理后的聚酰亚胺纤维与环氧树脂和聚酰亚胺树脂基体的界面粘合性改善，改性后的纤维与环氧树脂的界面剪切强度可提高14%~37%，与聚酰亚胺树脂的界面剪切强度可提高78%~115%。可看到后者界面剪切强度得到了相当大的提高。 |
| 英文摘要 | As a new high performance organic fibre, polyimide (PI) fibre exhibits excellent mechanical properties, outstanding resistance to heat and environment as well as good dielectric properties. Additionally, its density is much lower compared with currently widely used high performance fibres, such as glass fibre and aramid fibre. Therefore, it is a promising material applied in high technology industries like advanced polymer matrix composites, high performance ropes or cables, etc. To provide a solid basis for PI fibre’s practical utilisation, surface properties, surface modification, and interfacial adhesion with two resins of a high-strength high-modulus PI copolymer fibre were investigated in detail. As a result, a deeper understanding of its surface properties, interfacial adhesion, and the influence of a simple treatment method with acid or alkaline on its mechanical properties, surface properties and interfacial adhesion were obtained. Firstly, PI fibre was compared with commercial high performance polymer fibres PBO, K-49 and F-12 from the aspects of mechanical properties, heat-resistant performance, surface properties and interfacial adhesion. The results indicated that the mechanical properties of the PI copolymer fibre used herein is superior to K-49 fibre but inferior to PBO and F-12 fibre. Also, the PI fibre showed excellent heat resistant performance with a glass transition temperate of 266 °C. Its thermal aging performance at 300 °C and 370 °C was better than F-12 fibre but worse than PBO and K-49 fibre. Meanwhile, the fibre’s smooth surface was attached with few functional groups, and the surface free energy was relatively low. Consequently, the interfacial adhesion with epoxy or polyimide resin was poor, and interfacial shear strength (IFSS) was lower than aramid fibres K-49 and F-12 but higher than PBO fibre. Then, a simple treatment method with acid or alkaline was employed to modify the PI copolymer fibre’s surface. The effects of treatment time, temperature and concentration of KOH, NaOH, H2SO4 and HNO3 solution on PI copolymer fibre’s mechanical properties and surface properties were fully studied, and treatment conditions were optimised. Compared with untreated fibre, several changes occurred afterwards: its mechanical properties declined; fibre surface became rougher with ditches; both oxygen element and carbon-oxygen functional groups contents of fibre surface increased evidently; the polar component of surface free energy occupied more proportion. After PI fibre was treated with KOH, NaOH, H2SO4 and HNO3 solution under the optimised treatment conditions which ensure the excellent mechanical properties of PI fibre, the interfacial adhesion of PI fibre with epoxy and polyimide resin was improved. IFSS of PI fibre/epoxy resin and polyimide resin after acid or alkaline surface modification can be raised by 14%~37%, and 78%~115, respectively. Obviously IFSS of the latter was enhanced significantly. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2016-05-03 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ciac.jl.cn/handle/322003/64461]  |
| 专题 | 长春应用化学研究所_长春应用化学研究所知识产出_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 郑超. 一种共聚型聚酰亚胺纤维的表面特性及其界面性能[D]. 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所. 中国科学院研究生院. 2015. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：长春应用化学研究所
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