基于玻璃固态纳米孔的生物传感应用研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 陈丽珍 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015-03 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 |
| 导师 | 金永东 |
| 关键词 | 纳米孔 磷脂囊泡 动力学 聚谷氨酸 铜离子 |
| 中文摘要 | 纳米孔分析技术是一类年轻又具有广阔发展前景的学科，它提供了用于单分子检测、生物识别、单分子物理化学研究的独特的平台，具有免标记、成本低、高灵敏、特异性及快速便捷等特点，引起了众多学者广泛的研究兴趣。本论文选择单个玻璃毛细管纳米孔作为传感平台，研究其在生物检测中的应用。具体工作如下： (1) 我们使用单个锥形玻璃毛细管纳米孔作为传感平台，首次系统地研究了小的单层磷脂囊泡穿过固态纳米孔的穿孔行为动力学。在施加恒电压的条件下，我们可以清楚地观察到一个接一个独立的囊泡穿过纳米孔所产生的离子电流脉冲信号。单层磷脂囊泡的穿孔行为引起离子阻塞电流脉冲信号在幅度大小和穿孔迟滞时间上的变化，以上信号可以通过改变实验条件（包括纳米孔孔径，溶液pH，囊泡浓度，施加的电压以及纳米孔内表面电荷性质等）进行调控。另外，研究结果表明磷脂囊泡穿过纳米孔的驱动力主要是电泳力，这个结论在研究不同实验条件时可以证明。值得一提的是，在不同实验条件下，磷脂囊泡和纳米孔之间可能有不同的相互作用力，这使得该传感平台可应用于区分不同的磷脂囊泡。 (2) 我们使用激光玻璃毛细管拉制仪可以直接制备孔径～30 nm的玻璃纳米孔，并用电化学方法对其孔径进行估算。首次将聚谷氨酸（PGA）与铜离子的相互作用应用于基于单个玻璃纳米孔传感器平台的铜离子检测，可以快速、灵敏地实现金属铜离子的检测。该检测方法简单，且具有较好的铜离子选择性及重复性。通过调节纳米孔内外电解质溶液浓度，能够显著地提高检测灵敏度。该将传感器平台浸泡在pH较低的溶液中能够实现再生。此外，这种方法成功地应用于微体积的实际样品（工厂废水、葡萄酒等）中铜离子的检测，检测体积可低至20 μL。 |
| 英文摘要 | Solid state glass-based nanopores have attracted many researchers’ interest since the nanopore analysis provides a unique platform for single molecule detection, biochemical identification as well as single molecular physical chemistry research. Also, it has many outstanding characteristics, such as label free, low cost, high sensitivity, specificity as well as fast and convenient. In this thesis, we mainly focused on the surface modification/functionalization, as well as their applications in bioassays by using the single glass nanopores as sensing platforms. The main points of this thesis are outlined as follows: (1) Artificial single conical glass capillary-based nanopores were used as a model platform to systematically investigate the translocation behaviors and dynamics of small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) through small artificial nanopores. Dynamic translocation of individual SUVs one by one through the nanopores were clearly observed and counted by the occurrence of periodic oscillation in ionic current blockage signal under an applied negative bias voltage. Translocation behaviors of the SUVs, in terms of magnitude and duration of ionic current blockage signal, vary and can be modulated by varying stimulus parameters (such as nanopore size, solution pH, vesicle concentration, applied voltage, and inner surface charge properties of glass nanopores). The translocation of the SUVs through glass nanopores turned out to be mainly driven by electrophoretic force in our case, which had been verified briefly under different stimulus parameters. It was worth mentioning that this sensing platform may open possibilities to distinguish different types of SUVs which may have different interactions with the nanopore under appropriate experimental conditions. It can be realized by modulating different stimulus parameters. (2) The glass capillary nanopores were produced by laser-assisted pipet puller with inner diameters of about 30 nm, whose inner diameter could be estimated by using electrochemical measurement. The glass capillary nanopore-based sensing platform was used for fast and selective detection of cupric ions by utilizing polyglutamic acid (PGA) as probes for the first time. This simple and effective nanopore sensor can be fabricated easily without any further complicated processes of functionalization. In addition, the sensitivity of the PGA-nanopore sensor can be improved about 1－2 orders of magnitude by simply employing asymmetric salt gradients during the detection. It could be renew by immersing into solution with low pH to release the cupric ions and refresh the sensing surface/interface. This sensing method had also showed its practicality in detecting industry wastewater and grape wine real samples with small volume down to 20 μL. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2016-05-03 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ciac.jl.cn/handle/322003/64463]  |
| 专题 | 长春应用化学研究所_长春应用化学研究所知识产出_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 陈丽珍. 基于玻璃固态纳米孔的生物传感应用研究[D]. 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所. 中国科学院研究生院. 2015. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：长春应用化学研究所
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