Blood cadmium, mercury, and lead in children: An international comparison of cities in six European countries, and China, Ecuador, and Morocco
文献类型:期刊论文
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作者 | Hruba, F; Stromberg, U; Cerna, M; Chen, CY; Harari, F; Harari, R; Horvat, M; Koppova, K; Kos, A; Krskova, A |
刊名 | ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
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出版日期 | 2012 ; 2012 |
卷号 | 41页码:29-34 |
关键词 | Cadmium Mercury Lead Children Exposure Biomonitoring Cadmium Mercury Lead Children Exposure Biomonitoring |
DOI | 10.1016/j.envint.2011.12.001 |
英文摘要 | Children's blood-lead concentration (B-Pb) is well studied, but little is known about cadmium (B-Cd) and mercury (B-Hg), in particular for central Europe. Such information is necessary for risk assessment and management. Therefore, we here describe and compare B-Pb, B-Cd and B-Hg in children in six European, and three non-European cities, and identify determinants of these exposures. About 50 school children (7-14 years) from each city were recruited (totally 433) in 2007-2008. Interview and questionnaire data were obtained. A blood sample was analyzed: only two laboratories with strict quality control were used. The European cities showed only minor differences for B-Cd (geometric means 0.11-0.17 mu g/L) and B-Pb (14-20 mu g/L), but larger for B-Hg (0.12-0.94 mu g/L). Corresponding means for the non-European countries were 0.21-0.26, 32-71, and 0.3-3.2 mu g/L, respectively. For B-Cd in European samples, traffic intensity close to home was a statistically significant determinant, for B-Hg fish consumption and amalgam fillings, and for B-Pb sex (boys higher). This study shows that European city children's B-Cd and B-Pb vary only little between countries; B-Hg differs considerably, due to varying tooth restoration practices and fish intake. Traffic intensity seemed to be a determinant for B-Cd. The metal concentrations were low from a risk perspective but the chosen non-European cities showed higher concentrations than the cities in Europe. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.; Children's blood-lead concentration (B-Pb) is well studied, but little is known about cadmium (B-Cd) and mercury (B-Hg), in particular for central Europe. Such information is necessary for risk assessment and management. Therefore, we here describe and compare B-Pb, B-Cd and B-Hg in children in six European, and three non-European cities, and identify determinants of these exposures. About 50 school children (7-14 years) from each city were recruited (totally 433) in 2007-2008. Interview and questionnaire data were obtained. A blood sample was analyzed: only two laboratories with strict quality control were used. The European cities showed only minor differences for B-Cd (geometric means 0.11-0.17 mu g/L) and B-Pb (14-20 mu g/L), but larger for B-Hg (0.12-0.94 mu g/L). Corresponding means for the non-European countries were 0.21-0.26, 32-71, and 0.3-3.2 mu g/L, respectively. For B-Cd in European samples, traffic intensity close to home was a statistically significant determinant, for B-Hg fish consumption and amalgam fillings, and for B-Pb sex (boys higher). This study shows that European city children's B-Cd and B-Pb vary only little between countries; B-Hg differs considerably, due to varying tooth restoration practices and fish intake. Traffic intensity seemed to be a determinant for B-Cd. The metal concentrations were low from a risk perspective but the chosen non-European cities showed higher concentrations than the cities in Europe. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
学科主题 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
收录类别 | SCI |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000301684700004 ; WOS:000301684700004 |
公开日期 | 2016-05-03 |
源URL | [http://ir.ihep.ac.cn/handle/311005/223776] ![]() |
专题 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Hruba, F,Stromberg, U,Cerna, M,et al. Blood cadmium, mercury, and lead in children: An international comparison of cities in six European countries, and China, Ecuador, and Morocco, Blood cadmium, mercury, and lead in children: An international comparison of cities in six European countries, and China, Ecuador, and Morocco[J]. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL, ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL,2012, 2012,41, 41:29-34, 29-34. |
APA | Hruba, F.,Stromberg, U.,Cerna, M.,Chen, CY.,Harari, F.,...&李玉锋.(2012).Blood cadmium, mercury, and lead in children: An international comparison of cities in six European countries, and China, Ecuador, and Morocco.ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL,41,29-34. |
MLA | Hruba, F,et al."Blood cadmium, mercury, and lead in children: An international comparison of cities in six European countries, and China, Ecuador, and Morocco".ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 41(2012):29-34. |
入库方式: OAI收割
来源:高能物理研究所
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