中国心理健康量表残疾人版的修订及残疾学生心理健康状况研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 胡毅 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2013-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 残疾人 心理健康 中国心理健康量表 影响因素 社会支持 |
| 其他题名 | The Revision of the Disabled Version of “Chinese Psychological Health Inventory” and the Research of disabled students’ mental health |
| 学位专业 | 心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | 我国残疾人口数量众多，近年来残疾人问题已受到越来越多的重视。残疾人是数量庞大的弱势社会群体，在社会生活的方方面面都可能遇到困难，这些困难会对残疾人的心理健康产生影响。我国残疾人心理健康研究比较匮乏，且没有经过修订、针对残疾人群的心理健康测量工具。 本研究在现有《中国心理健康量表》的基础上，经过访谈、数据分析等程序修订了《中国心理健康量表残疾人版》，并在全国不同地区的十所残疾人职业学校取样，将此工具和流调中心抑郁量表、社会支持问卷等工具一起应用于残疾人学生，描述残疾学生心理健康状况，与普通人群进行比较，并探索残疾人心理健康的影响因素。主要研究内容如下： 1. 在对 27 名被试深度访谈和访谈分析的基础上，对《中国心理健康量表》进行了初步修订，并新编了一些针对残疾人的题目，在 319 名（其中男性150人，平均年龄47.98+20.29）被试中进行初测。通过项目分析和信度分析的方法进一步修订问卷，确定了包含 28个项目的《中国心理健康量表残疾人版》主量表，和 11个项目的附加量表。终版量表总信度 0.91，各分量表信度在0.71~0.84 之间，各项统计学指标符合心理测量学要求。 2. 将工具应用于 1147名（男性590 人，平均年龄 19.50+2.79）中、高职残疾人学生，发现心理健康状况相对较差。残疾人群心理健康总分为2.89+0.42 显著低于普通人群总分 3.04+0.42， 残疾人在心理健康量表的人际交往、自我认识和认知效能等维度得分和总分上均显著低于普通人群。同时，残疾人抑郁得分 17.86+10.01 显著高于普通人群得分 12.81+9.87，达到划界分的人数比例也显著高于普通人群。 3. 不同年龄和不同残疾类型的残疾人心理健康及各维度间有显著差异，未发现残疾人心理健康的性别差异和不同致残原因间的差异，听力/言语残疾者心理健康状况相对较差。 4. 家庭社会经济地位（家庭经济状况、父母受教育程度）父母关系和社会支持对残疾人心理健康有重要作用。家庭经济状况较好、父母关系较好、母亲受教育程度高时，残疾人心理健康状况较好。各类社会支持均对残疾人心理健康有正向预测作用，回归分析发现，社会支持解释了残疾人心理健康 20.9%的变异，其中主观社会支持和社会支持利用度对残疾人心理健康的预测作用更大。 中国心理健康量表残疾人版达到心理测量学指标，适合残疾群体使用，初步研究发现残疾人心理健康状况相对较差，特别是听力/言语残疾、家庭社会经济地位较差、社会支持偏少的残疾群体应得到更多关注。 |
| 英文摘要 | There is a large population of disabled in China. Nowadays disabled people obtain more and more attentions. People with Disability are at weak positions in social situation, thus they may face various kinds of difficulties in their daily life. These difficulties may damage their mental health. However, in China the research on mental health of disabled people is still very scarce. At the same time, scales used in these studies have not been revised before testing on disabilities. In this study, we revised the Chinese Psychological Health Inventory for disabled people through conducting in-depth interviews and analyzing national wide data. Meanwhile, we used the revised Chinese Psychological Health Inventory, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and Social Support Rating Scale among disabled students to give a brief description about the situation of Chinese disabled students' mental health, to examine the differences between physically disabled and nondisabled people and to explore the possible impact factors on their mental health. The main results are as followings: 1. Based on the analysis of in-depth interviews individually with 27 disabled people, we revised the Chinese Psychological Health Inventory and add some new items specific for disabled people. Then this version was pretested among 319(male: 150, age: 47.98+20.29) disabled adults. Several items was modified and deleted based on the item analysis and reliability analysis on pretest data. The final version included a 28-item main scale and a 11-item added scale. The Cronbach α coefficient of the final scale was 0.91, and 0.71 to 0.84 of the subscales. 2. A national wide study of student from vocational school for the disabled was conducted and received 1147(male: 590, age: 19.50+2.79) cases of data. The result shows that mental health in disabled students (2.89+0.42) was poorer than non-disabled people (3.04+0.42). The score of interpersonal relationships subscale, self-awareness subscale and cognition subscale are also significantly lower than nondisabled people. Moreover, compared with nondisabled people (12.81+9.87), disabled people had a significantly higher score on depression (17.86+10.01). 3. The level of mental health varied among people with different types of disability. Students with hearing disability have lower level of mental health than students with visual and physical disabilities. Moreover older disabled people had slightly lower level of mental health. There is no significant difference between male and female disabled, and also no difference between birth defect and acquired disabled. 4. Socioeconomic status (parental education level, family income), parental relationship and social support have significant influence on mental health of disabled. The higher level of family income, quality of parental relationship and parental education level the disabled students had, the higher level of their mental health. All kinds of social support would affect the mental health of disabled. The result of regression analyses showed that 20.9% of the variance in mental health was explained by social support, among which the perceived social support and the utilization of social support explained a much more proportion than other parts. Chinese Psychological Health Inventory for disabled is an ideal scale for disabled. Our research found that disabled people had lower level of mental than nondisabled, disabled people need more concern especially people with hearing impairment, in low socioeconomic status and lacking social support. |
| 学科主题 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/19593]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_认知与发展心理学研究室 |
| 作者单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 胡毅. 中国心理健康量表残疾人版的修订及残疾学生心理健康状况研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2013. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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