Casing damage is always a problem in the process of oil field development, so it is significance for the study of casing failure mechanism and its influencing factors to ensure the casing security. Based on fluid-solid coupling theory, a new mathematical model which was used to simulate the stress distribution of the combination about casing-cement sheath -formation was established considering seepage and stress interaction during oil development process. Besides, the numerical simulation was carried out by the finite element software ABAQUS that describes radial compressive force of casing under different water injection pressure, formation parameters, casing parameters and in-situ stress. The results show that radial compressive force of casing will increase as the water injection pressure,casing wall thickness and poisson's ratio and elasticity modulus of formation increasing. However, radial compressive force of casing will decrease with elastic modulus and diameter of casing, formation permeability and in-situ stress increasing. The results can provide the theoretical guidance for protecting and preventing casing damage.