论文致力于天文VLBI 技术在人造卫星跟踪导航方面的实时应用，主要涉及到观

测与数据相关处理部分的算法和软件实现。通过对VLBI 系统的关键技术，诸如动态

观测纲要编制、干涉测量模型实时生成和干涉条纹搜索等技术的综合考察，深入研究

提高VLBI 观测与相关处理系统实时性和稳健性的先进干涉测量方法。

论文首先介绍了人造卫星实时射电干涉测量的研究背景、国内外进展与现状。基

于人造卫星差分VLBI 观测原理，进行了现有天文VLBI 系统用于卫星实时跟踪的可行

性分析，重点针对实时跟踪情况下的特殊性需求给出了切实可行的解决方案。

在论文的核心部分，分别给出了人造卫星实时差分VLBI 观测中，动态观测纲要

编制和干涉测量模型的算法、软件实现过程、实际应用情况，还分别给出了河外射电

源和人造卫星干涉条纹的搜索方法。基于上述研究工作，讨论了提高VLBI 相关处理

系统实时性和稳健性的技术方案。

此外，结合实时干涉测量技术的发展，对近年来我国开展人造卫星VLBI 观测实

验的情况进行了回顾和概述。

最后，对研究结果进行了简要总结，对未来的研究工作进行了展望。

主要研究工作总结如下：

1. 针对人造卫星差分VLBI 观测需要，完成了卫星动态观测纲要的算法设计和

软件实现，从而实现了实时任务期间对观测站和数据处理系统的统一调度。

2. 针对人造卫星差分VLBI 相关处理需要，完成了相关处理模型计算软件的研

制和人造卫星模型重构的实现方法。经检验，河外射电源时延模型误差小于1ns，延迟

率模型误差小于0.1ps/s。

3. 针对河外射电源和人造卫星信号的不同频谱特征，系统深入地探讨了稳健而

高效率的条纹搜索算法，基于条纹搜索和模型重构技术，提出了人造卫星实时相关处

理方案。

4. 利用国内VLBI 网开展了大量卫星观测实验，诸如技术验证实验、定轨实验

和信号合成实验，实验结果推进和拓展了我国VLBI 网的应用研究。

The thesis is aiming at real time application of astronomical VLBI technique for

satellite tracking. By integrating over those key VLBI elements, mainly including dynamic

scheduling, interferometric model and fringe search technique, a real time and robust VLBI

observation and data processing system was studied in depth, where the emphasis was on the

algorithms and implementation of software items.

At first, the background and developing progress of VLBI tracking of satellites were

introduced. Based on the principle of differential VLBI technique, the feasibility of real time

application of astronomical VLBI system for tracking near Earth space satellites was

analyzed. The practical solutions to the special requirements of real time VLBI tracking have

been explored.

In addition, the algorithms for dynamic scheduling and interferometric model have been

developed, followed by the software implementation process and its application. The fringe

search techniques for extra-galactic radio sources and satellites have been studied

respectively, and then the new adaptive data correlation system was discussed.

Furthermore, with the development of real time radio interferometry technique, those

related VLBI tracking experiments performed in recent years and their results are reviewed

and summarized.

At last, the conclusions of the research work and the outlook for the future work have

been given.

The main results are presented as follows:

1. The differential VLBI scheduling software implementing dynamic adjustment

algorithm has been developed, which make VLBI stations and correlator work automatically

and smoothly under real time task for satellite tracking.

2. The correlator model generation software and satellite model reconstruction

method have been developed for data correlations of differential VLBI tracking

experiments. The model delay error is less than 1ns and model delay rate error is less than

0.1ps/s for extra-galactic radio sources.