遗传，父母教养和压力生活事件对青少年抑郁症状的影响
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 陈杰
|
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2010-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 张建新 ; 葛小佳 ; 李新影 |
| 关键词 | 青少年抑郁 父母教养 压力生活事件 双生子研究 遗传度 非共享环境因素 基因－环境的交互作用 |
| 其他题名 | The Influences of Genes, Parenting and Stressful Life Events On Adolescent Depressive Symptoms |
| 学位专业 | 心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | 抑郁症状在青少年中比较常见，对青少年的社会适应性造成很大影响。而且，青少年期的抑郁症状可以预测成年期的抑郁。因此，对青少年抑郁症状的影响因素及其作用机制进行研究具有重要意义。本研究采用自评儿童抑郁量表对青少年抑郁症状进行测查，并利用大约 1000 对 9－17 岁的双生子样本，考察了遗传，父母教养和压力生活事件对青少年抑郁症状的影响。 本研究的主要结果如下： 1. 中国青少年抑郁症状的遗传度为 43％。遗传度没有性别差异，但是存在年龄差异。 儿童( 9－10岁)的抑郁症状受到遗传的影响较小， 共享环境有重要影响；进入青春期以后 (11-17 岁)，遗传的影响增加，共享环境的作用减小。 2. 第一轮的抑郁水平可以预测第二轮的父母教养和压力生活事件，表明抑郁和环境的相关是双向的。而且，父母教养和压力生活事件与抑郁的相关在很大程度上是由共同的遗传因素介导的。为了控制共同的遗传因素和抑郁对环境的作用，本研究采用追踪的同卵双生子差异设计，发现在控制了第一轮的抑郁水平和共同的遗传因素后，同卵双生子之间父母教养和压力生活事件的差异依然和抑郁的差异相关。 3. 以 11－17 岁的青少年为样本，考察了 BDNF-Val66Met 和压力生活事件的交互作用对抑郁的影响。在 Twin1 样本中发现了显著的交互作用，携带有 Va l等位基因的个体具有更高的抑郁易感性。 在Twin2 样本中得到了相同的趋势，但只达到边缘显著。 本研究利用双生子样本阐明了遗传对青少年抑郁的作用，并揭示了父母教养和压力生活事件作为非共享环境对抑郁的影响，同时还考察了特定的基因和环境的交互作用对抑郁的影响，加深了对青少年抑郁影响因素和作用机制的理解。 |
| 英文摘要 | Depressive symptoms in young people are common, which are associated with impairment in social adjustment. Furthermore, depressive symptoms in adolescence are predictive of adult depression. Thus, researches on risk factors and mechanisms of adolescent depressive symptoms are important and ncecessary. This study using about 1000 pairs of twins aged 9 to 11 to investigate the influences of genes, parenting and stressful life events on adolescent depressive symptoms measured by self-reported Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). The main conclusions include: First, the heritability of adolescent depressive symptoms was 43%. There was no gender difference in heritability. However, there were age differences in genetic and environemtnal infuences on adolescent depressive symptoms. Genetic factor becomes more important from childhood to adolescence, while common environment becomes less important. Second, depressive symptoms assessed in wave Ⅰ were predictive of parenting and stressful life events assessed in wave Ⅱ, indicating bidirectional effects between depression and environment. Also, the association between depression and environment is partly mediated by common genetic factors. Using longitudinal MZ twin difference design, we examined the nonshared environmental influences of parenting and stressful life events on adolescent depressive symptoms after controlling previous depression level and common genetic factors, and found the “true” environmental effects of parenting and stressful life events on adolescent depressive symptoms. Third, we also explored stress-BDNF-val66met interaction on adolescent depression in 11-17 years old sample. We found significant interaction effect in twin1 sample, and individuals carrying the Val allele were more susceptible to depression. The results of twin2 sample were similar, although the interaction effect was only marginal significant. Our study showed that adolescent depressive symptoms were moderately heritable, and we found the nonshared environmental effects of parenting and stressful life events on adolescent depression. Furthermore, we explored specific gene-environment interaction on adolescent depression. These findings deepened our understanding of the mechanisms of adolescent depression development. |
| 学科主题 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/20188]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 作者单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 陈杰. 遗传，父母教养和压力生活事件对青少年抑郁症状的影响[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2010. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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