遗忘型轻度认知损伤情节提取的ERP研究：老年期痴呆早期识别的神经指标
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 李昕
|
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2011-06 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 李娟 |
| 关键词 | 轻度认知损伤 新旧效应 情节提取 早期识别 |
| 其他题名 | An ERP Study of Successful Episodic Retrieval in Amnesia Mild Cognitive Impairment:The Neuromaker of Early Detection of Dementia |
| 学位专业 | 心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | 轻度认知损伤（mild cognitive impairment, MCI）是介于正常老化与痴呆之间的过渡阶段，表现为与年龄和教育程度不相称的认知功能减退，但尚未达到痴呆的临床诊断标准。根据MCI认知损伤是否涉及记忆功能，MCI可分为遗忘型MCI（aMCI）和非遗忘型MCI两个亚型。情节记忆障碍是遗忘型MCI(aMCI)最典型的特征，情节记忆包括编码和提取两个阶段，本研究着眼于情节提取阶段。以往利用事件相关电位（Event-Related Potentials, ERP）对正常老年人的研究发现，在情节提取时，正常老年人会产生“顶叶新旧效应”、“右前额叶新旧效应”，并且，当老年人进行来源记忆任务时，会产生一个左侧化负向新旧效应。 本研究利用ERP技术，试图探索当通过操纵aMCI与正常老年人每次学习项目的数量多少匹配两组被试情节记忆成绩时，三个与情节提取相关的新旧效应在两组被试间是否有差异。本研究考察情节提取所使用的实验范式为来源记忆范式，记忆材料为图片，来源为图片出现的左右位置，使得两组被试来源记忆行为成绩匹配的实验条件为80张图片正常老年人学习1次，aMCI被试学习4次。 结果显示，正常老年组存在顶叶新旧效应和左侧化负向新旧效应；而在aMCI组中未发现顶叶新旧效应，左侧化负向新旧效应强度更大、产生时间更早。本研究提示aMCI在进行情节提取时以抽象方式提取来源信息的能力受损，只能依赖于回想项目产生时的视觉（表象）信息这一策略。由于本研究在匹配了两组被试行为成绩的基础上仍然发现aMCI不同于正常老年人的脑电活动，因此为早期识别潜在的痴呆患者提供比行为测验更为敏感的neuromarker。 |
| 英文摘要 | Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been conceptualized as a transitional state from normal aging to dementia, who have some cognitive impairment beyond that expected for age and education but of insufficient severity to constitute clinical criteria for dementia. Impairment of episodic memory is the core feature of amnesia mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Episodic memory consists of the processes of encoding and retrieval, the study focused on the episodic retrieval. In previous event-related potentials (ERP) studies, the older adults demonstrate the positive-going parietal old/new effect and right frontal old/new effect in the process of episodic retrieval. Especially, ERPs from the older adults contained a large left-lateralized negative effect that overshadowed the left positive-going effects evident in the young when the source accuracy did not differ according to age. In the study, we try to figure out the discrepancy of the three retrieval-related ERP old/new effects between aMCI and the older adults when the source memory performance was matches between the two groups by manipulating the number of items per session of study and test. Source memory paradigm was applied in the study, of which the materials we use are picture and the source of the items is the left or right locations. In the condition that the older adults complete 80 items for one time and aMCI for four times, the two groups perform equally. The results showed that, on one hand，the positive-going left parietal and a large left-lateralized negative effect demonstrated in normal control group. On the other hand, the positive parietal old/new effect disappears in aMCI, and the negative effect demonstrated in aMCI is larger and sooner than normal control, which indicated that aMCI is impaired in using conceptual source information for source judgment, instead they have to rely on retrieval visual information to perform the source memory task. Because of the fact that the significant discrepancy of the ERP pattern can be found between the aMCI and normal control when the source memory performances of the two groups were matched，the study provides a more sensitive neuromarker of the early detection of dementia. |
| 学科主题 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/20294]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 作者单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李昕. 遗忘型轻度认知损伤情节提取的ERP研究：老年期痴呆早期识别的神经指标[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2011. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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