典型欠发达城镇的产业生态管理与工程实践研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 韩宝龙 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 王如松 ; 欧阳志云 |
| 关键词 | 生态-产业共生系统 产业生态 欠发达城镇 复合生态系统 庭院集 成生态系统， |
| 其他题名 | Researches on Industrial Ecology Management and Engineering Practice in Underdeveloped Cities |
| 学位专业 | 生态学 |
| 中文摘要 | 快速城镇化背景下欠发达城镇不仅面临着周边区域超速发展带来的复合生态胁迫效应。如：人为干扰下的生态服务缺失与副产品冗余；人潮迁徙过程中的资源分配失衡；资源不能有效融入市场机制造成产业盈余环境赤字等。同时，还面临着自身产业发展缺少适应性规划，产业生态发展乘补自生失序问题。如：照搬现代企业组织模式无法实现偏远城镇资源优化配置；现有社会经济发展考核体系低估了偏远城镇生态资源价值；环保高压区产业落地标准教条和空间布局要求严苛，限制生态资产创造经济价值的能力；“摊大饼”式的城市发展模式让偏远城镇成为发展优先顺序之末等问题。 在探究欠发达城镇产业经济与生态环境失耦问题的基础上，本文主要开展了以下方面的研究：（1）明确欠发达城镇与发达城镇在产业经济发展需求上的差异性，及传统产业发展规划对欠发达城镇的不适用性。（2）欠发达城镇生态资产与经济资产的空间倒挂关系，通过对我国京九铁路沿线 85个县区的社会经济数据和自然资源数据的分析，讨论不同地形区的生态资产和经济资产发展耦合度。（3）提出面向欠发达城镇的生态-产业共生系统规划方法，并将该方法与传统产业规划方法和产业生态管理方法进行对比。（4）生态-产业共生系统规划与管理实践案例研究，包括侧重规划的北京延庆产业生态规划案例，以及侧重工程与评价实践的海南保亭庭院生态系统工程建设案例。 研究形成的主要结论为：（1）较之发达城镇的经济生态化途径，欠发达城镇更需要生态经济化，即把生态资源转变为产业运作，在不破坏生态环境的情况下获取经济收益，用获取的经济收益，抽出相应的比例反馈到生态保护中去，进一步提高生态资源的质量。（2）城镇间的生态资源与经济资源在空间分布上存在负相关关系和互补关系，并且这种关系在同一地形区域内表现的更明显，处于经济发展局部最低值点的城镇一般都具有更强的生态资源优势。（3）通过利用生态-产业共生系统规划方法对延庆县的生态资源与经济资源进行分析，规划设计了生态-产业共生系统，模拟了延庆产业生态发展的条件生态位和潜在生态位，认为延庆县综合生态位在2020年能够较2011年提升79.8%至119%。（4）在海南保亭实施的庭院集成生态系统环境效益显著，对单户人家可以新增立体绿化面积75m2、年增加绿量40m3、年收获生物质量2400kg、年节省电力消耗277KWH、年节约新鲜水耗70.87t、减少化肥使用7.5kg、减少农药使用450g；并且该工程可以在2年内回收全部成本投入，成本回收期后每年新增收入约 3.8万元,年减少能值消耗80%，减少碳排放50%。 本研究的主要创新点包括（1）通过城镇间生态资源与经济资源空间关系分析，将传统的环境-经济库兹涅茨曲线的时间思维拓展至空间思维，并发现这种负相关关系在局部区域的经济发展水平依赖特征。（2）提出生态-产业共生系统规划与管理方法，弥补了传统产业规划和生态产业规划无法满足欠发达城镇产业发展需求的短板，提出生态系统服务功能不降低的资源开发思路，并给出方法路径。（3）进行庭院集成生态系统设计和工程实施，通过实地监测认为该工程较现有户式环境治理工程有更多的资源循环环节、更高的经济收益、更低的环境影响和更低的建设成本。 |
| 英文摘要 | Underdeveloped cities and towns are suffering both high ecological stress effect from surrounding developed area and disorder in proliferation-compensation due to the lack of adaptability industrial planning. The ecosystem stress was showed as 1) The deletion of ecosystem service under human disturbance and by-product redundancy; 2) Imbalanced allocation of social resource and natural resource along with the frequent large scale labor migration; 3) Environmental deficit caused by the lack of natural resource marketing mechanism. The disorder in proliferation-compensation can be summarized as the following aspects: 1) The optimization of resources configuration cannot be realized in remote and underdeveloped town by the mapping modern enterprise organization mode; 2) The existing social and economic development ppraisal system underestimated natural resources asset in underdeveloped area; 3) Environmental protection standard restricted the development of industry from creating economic value; 4) Urban overspreading pattern made the remote town be the last development priorities. After the author gave a deep view on the problem of underdeveloped cities,following researches were conducted: 1) Explored the difference on industrial development demand between developed area and underdeveloped area And the result showed the traditional industrial planning method did not suitable for remote underdeveloped area. 2) Based on the data from 85 counties along the Beijing-Jiulong railway, the author analyzed the negative spatial correlation between ecological and economic assets, and discussed it under different terrains. 3) Developed “Ecological-industrial symbiosis system planning framework (EISS)”, which was compared with traditional ones. 4) Researches on the practice of EISS with one planning case in Yanqin,Beijing, and another engeering case in Baoting, Hainan.”. Conclusions were made based on the studies mentioned above: 1) Comparing with developed area, underdeveloped cities need a view of ecological resources as the raw materials, but not the goal, of sustain development. This need a way to realize the commercial value of ecology resources without destroying them. 2) There was a negative spatial correlation relationship and complementary relationship between economic resources and ecological resources. And this relationship preformed more obvious in the same terrain area. Besides, the most underdeveloped cities in the same terrain area tended to have more ecological resources advantages. 3) Case study in Yanqin with EISS plannning method simulated that the development of Yanqin county could be improved by 79.8% ~ 119% in 2020, comparing with real situation in 2011,under the EISS mode. 4) Both the economic and environmental benefits in Baoting case were remarkable. For single family, who used CIES, can decrease 80% of emergy consumption and 50% CO2 emission comparing with traditional way. The main innovation of this paper included 1) Through the spatial analysis between ecological resources and economic resources, the author expanded the traditional Kuznets Curve from a time dimension to spatial dimension. And found the negative correlation features. 2) Original founded of EISS to make up the disadvantage of traditional industry planning and ecological industry planning method. And support idea for a low influence development. 3) The author innovatively designed CIES, which met a great economic-environmental benefit. 4) The author conducted the frist LCA on ceramic plate, and compared its environmental effect with other three alternative curtain wall materials. |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/34327]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_城市与区域生态国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 韩宝龙. 典型欠发达城镇的产业生态管理与工程实践研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2015. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：生态环境研究中心
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