松花江流域城镇化动态及可视化分析平台设计
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 沈园 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 沈园 |
| 关键词 | 松花江流域，城镇化，空间格局，环境库兹涅茨曲线，可视化，the Songhua River Basin, urbanization, spatial pattern, Environmental Kuznets Curve, visualization |
| 其他题名 | Urbanization Dynamic of the Songhua River Basin and Design of the Visualization Analysis Platform |
| 学位专业 | 环境工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 在新型城镇化发展背景下，松花江流域工业体制改革和现代化建设逐步推进，城镇的扩张进一步加快，而城镇及周边地区的生态环境也受到威胁，流域的可持续发展面临挑战。本文综合分析松花江流域的城镇化动态发展过程及其产生的生态环境效应，并探讨其内在驱动因素；同时，基于松花江流域城镇化动态分析的研究实例，对城镇化动态可视化分析平台进行总体设计。论文主要内容和研究结论包括以下几个方面： （1）通过对松花江流域的社会发展与宏观经济特征的分析发现：2000 ~ 2010年，松花江流域人口数量增长较平缓，在空间上聚集于三个子流域汇合的平原区；各地区教育资源的不均以及教育水平的差异仍较为显著；流域整体以大型城市市辖区为中心带动周边地区经济发展，“以工业生产为主，以服务业为辅”的产业结构得到进一步强化。 （2）利用泰尔指数法、耦合协调模型、重心轨迹法，结合ArcGIS 10.2 软件，对1990 ~ 2010 年松花江流域的城镇化水平、区域差异、协调程度、空间格局、重心轨迹等动态进行综合分析，结果表明：1）松花江全流域的经济城镇化水平最高，其次为人口城镇化水平，而土地城镇化水平最低，且20 年间三者间的差距整体呈逐渐增大趋势。2）松花江全流域土地城镇化水平差异对流域总体城镇化差异具有较显著的作用，松花江干流子流域的组内差异在总体差异中也处于显著位置。3）松花江流域人口、经济与土地城镇化的耦合协调度不高，在进一步发展过程中存在无序性问题，主要由土地城镇化不协调发展引起。4）松花江流域人口城镇化已形成由中心城市向周边区域逐渐降低的辐射条带状发展格局；南部地区已形成团块状的经济城镇化高水平区域，北部地区形成连片状的较高水平区域；以城市市辖区为发展核心的土地城镇化格局明显。5）嫩江子流域在近20年城镇化发展中最为活跃，而西流松花江子流域则最为平稳，且形成基本稳定的城镇化重心格局。 （3）运用环境库兹涅茨模型与重心轨迹法分析松花江流域城镇化的生态环境效应并探究其驱动因素，研究结果如下：1）在2000 ~ 2010 年间松花江流域工业废水排放量与人均GDP 之间呈现出一条“N 型”曲线，工业废气排放量、工业固体废物产生量与人均GDP 之间均呈现递增趋势。2）同期，松花江流域工业污染重心总体朝西南部偏移，工业废水与工业固废的重心移动在空间上具有显著的一致性。3）松花江流域工业污染重心轨迹的变化受多种因素的驱动影响，包括经济发展、产业转型、污染治理、清洁化生产、环境管理制度以及宏观区域政策因素等。 （4）基于松花江流域城镇化动态分析的研究实例，尝试将区域城镇化发展与生态环境效应进行初步的可视化应用，设计城镇化动态可视化分析平台。从设计原理、设计思路、技术路线、体系结构与功能框架角度对可视化分析平台进行总体设计，并对所设计的用户管理、计算数据管理、模型计算、结果查询、时间与空间可视化功能提出具体的实现方案。 综合分析松花江流域近20 年的城镇化动态发展过程及其产生的生态环境效应，并探讨其内在驱动因素，对指导流域城市整体规划布局、优化产业结构转型、促进可持续发展具有十分重要的意义。同时，基于实例分析对城镇化动态可视化分析平台进行设计，可为决策者正确认识不同区域的城镇化格局变化及其生态环境效应提供直观的、可视化的分析工具，具有很强的操作性和实用性。 |
| 英文摘要 | In the context of new-type urbanization, as industrial restructuring and modernization is moving toward gradually, urban sprawl of the Songhua River Basin accelerates with the eco-environment of surrounding areas threatened, leading sustainable development of the basin to challenges. This paper studied the past 20 years’ urbanization dynamic of the Songhua River Basin and analyzed its eco-environmental effects with driving factors. Furthermore, the visualization analysis platform was designed on the basis of the study case of the Songhua River Basin. The main contents and findings of this paper were as follows. (1) The analysis of social development and macroeconomic characteristics of the Songhua River Basin resulted that, from 2000 to 2010, the population grew gently, gathering in the plain area at the confluence of the three sub-basins. Inequality of educational resource and differences of education levels among regions remained relatively significant. On the whole, municipal districts of large cities were the centers to promote economic development of the surrounding areas, with the industrial structure of "secondary industry-based, tertiary industry-supplemented" being further strengthened. (2) By the means of Theil index, coupling coordination model and center-ofgravity track method, combined with ArcGIS 10.2 software, this study analyzed the urbanization dynamic of the Songhua River Basin from 1990 to 2010, including the urbanization levels, regional differences, coordination degrees, spatial patterns and center-of-gravity tracks. The results showed that 1) the level of economy-urbanization was the highest, followed by the population-urbanization, while the lowest was the land-urbanization. And during the past 20 years, the gaps between the three tended to increase. 2) The difference of land-urbanization played a more significant role in the overall difference of the whole basin, so did the difference within the Mainstream Subbasin. 3) The coordination degree of population-urbanization, economy-urbanization and land-urbanization was not high, as uncoordinated development of landurbanization resulted in the issue of disorder. 4) The level of population-urbanization decreased from city centers to surrounding areas by a radial banded pattern. High level regions of economy-urbanization have developed a blocky pattern in the southern part,while a sheet pattern of higher level regions was formed in the northern part. The spatial pattern of land-urbanization was obviously relied on the municipal districts of urban cities. 5) In the past 20 years, urbanization process of the Northern Source Sub-basin was the most active, while that of the Southern Source Sub-basin was the most steady where a stable center-of-gravity pattern has basically formed. (3) The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) model and the center-of-gravity track method were used to study the eco-environmental effects of urbanization in the Songhua River Basin with the driving factors explored. The results were as follows. 1)From 2000 to 2010, the EKC between industrial wastewater emissions and per capita GDP was an "N-type" curve, while the both EKCs of industrial gas emissions and industrial solid waste generation were linear increases. 2) During the same period, the centers-of-gravity of industrial pollutions shifted towards the southwest, and the centerof-gravity tracks of industrial wastewater and industrial solid waste had significant consistency. 3) The shifts of the centers-of-gravity of industrial pollution were driven by a variety of factors, such as economic development, industrial restructuring, pollution treatment, clean production, environmental management, macro-regional policy and so on. (4) Based on the study case of urbanization dynamic of the Songhua River Basin, for visualizing regional urbanization development and eco-environmental effects, the visualization analysis platform of urbanization dynamic was preliminarily designed from the aspects of design principle, design idea, technical route, system architecture and function frame. And a specific project of implementing the functions of user management, computing data management, model calculation, result query, temporal visualization and spatial visualization was proposed as well. It is valuable to comprehensively study the past 20 years’ urbanization dynamic of the Songhua River Basin and to analyze its eco-environmental effects with internal drivers for guiding the urban layout, optimizing the industrial restructuring, promoting the sustainable development. Meanwhile, the design of the visualization analysis platform is so practical and operational that it enables decision-makers to identify the differences of urbanization patterns and the eco-environmental effects among regions with an intuitive and visual analysis tool. |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/34368]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_城市与区域生态国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 沈园. 松花江流域城镇化动态及可视化分析平台设计[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2015. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：生态环境研究中心
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