海南岛自然保护区的保护效果研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 于博威 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 徐卫华 |
| 关键词 | 自然保护区 天然林 土壤保持功能 保护效果 海南岛,nature reserve natural forest soil conservation service conservation effectiveness Hainan Island |
| 其他题名 | Conservation Effectiveness of Nature Reserves in Hainan Island |
| 学位专业 | 生态学 |
| 中文摘要 | 建立自然保护区是保护天然林及维持土壤保持功能的重要手段，在遏制生物多样性丧失和预防土壤侵蚀方面具有不可替代的作用。本研究以海南岛为研究区，在遥感 和GIS技术支持下，基于1988年、1998年和2008年3期遥感影像，从天然林和土壤保持功能的保护现状、变化趋势以及影响因素三个方面评估了海南 岛自然保护区体系及单个保护区对天然林和土壤保持功能的保护与管理效果。研究结果表明： （1）从1988至2008年，保护区内部天然林丧失率远低于保护区外，保护区内部天然林覆盖率减少了2.3个百分点，但区外0-5km、5-10km分 别减少了11.3和9.4个百分点。另外，保护区内部破碎化程度显著低于外围（P<0.05），表明保护区对天然林的丧失与破碎化有明显的 抑制作用。 （2）保护区内部平均单位面积土壤保持量是1951.59 t?hm-2?a-1，分别是区外0-5km、5-10km和全省平均水平的2.4倍、3.2倍和2.9倍，另外，尽管20年间保护区内外土壤保持功能呈 现不同程度的退化趋势，但保护区内显著低于区外（P<0.05），保护区在土壤保持功能的保育方面也发挥着重要作用。 （3）但20年间，60%的保护区内部天然林面积有所减少，50%的保护区土壤保持量有所下降。且与前10年相比，后10年天然林丧失与土壤保持功能退化 程度进一步恶化，自然保护区的保护效果有待进一步提高。 （4）橡胶林和浆纸林的扩张化，保护区本身状况及周边社会经济水平发展是影响海南省自然保护区保护效果的主因。建议加强保护区的管理对策，完善天然林保护 政策，提高保护区管理水平，加强保护区对天然林及土壤保持功能的动态监测与评估，建议将土壤保持等关键生态系统服务的重要区域纳入自然保护区体系规划。 |
| 英文摘要 | Nature reserves (NRs) are considered to play a key role in the protection of natural forest and in the maintenance of soil conservation service. It is thus vital for NRs to avoid biodiversity loss and prevent soil erosion. Studying on the area of Hainan Island, based on satellite images from 1988, 1998 and 2008 and by using RS and GIS technology; I evaluated the effectiveness of the NR network and individual NRs in protecting natural forest and maintaining soil conservation service. This study mainly focued on the conservation status, trend of change and human disturbance activities. Results showed that: (1) From 1988 to 2008, the loss rate of natural forests inside NRs was far less than outside. The converage rate of natural forests inside NRs reduced 2.3 percentage points, but reduced 11.3 and 9.4 percentage points outside 0-5km and 5-10km respectively. In addition, the degree of fragmentation of natural forests inside NRs was significantly lesser than outside (P<0.05). It showed NRs had an obviously negative effect on natural forests loss and fragmentation. (2) The average capacity per unit area in NRs was 1951.59 t?hm-2?a-1, which was respectively 2.4 and 3.2 times larger than the average of outside 0-5km and 5-10km of NRs and was 2.9 times larger than the average of the total Island. In addition, although soil conservation service was degenerated at varying degrees inside and outside NRs in the last two decates (1988-2008), inside was significantly lesser than outside. Thus, it was also very critical for NRs to maintain soil conservation service. (3) However, in the 20 years, natural forests inside NRs reduced in 60% of studied NRs, and soil conservation service reduced in 50% of studied NRs. Futhermore, natural forests loss and soil conservation service degeneration were more severe in the second ten years (1998-2008) than in the first ten years (1988-1998). The conservation effectiveness should be further improved. (4) The main factors of affecting conservation effectiveness of NRs in Hainan province were the expansion of rubber and pulp forests, the status of NRs themselves and social-economic development. We suggest that the government should continue to protect natural forest strictly, and improve policies on their protection. Forethermore, it is important to improve NRs' management level and intensify their dynamic monitoring and evaluating on natural forest and soil conservation service. In addition, we suggest that relevant administrative departments should make vital ecosystem services (e.g. soil conservation service) integrate into future system planning of NRs. |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/34537]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_城市与区域生态国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 于博威. 海南岛自然保护区的保护效果研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2015. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：生态环境研究中心
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