摘要以限制区域内的排污总量为基础，允许排污的企业交易有关合法的污染物的排污权，可以有效地控制区域内的污染总量，激发企业对于污染治理的主动性和积极性，降低政府的管理成本。中国在排污权交易理论方面尚处于探索阶段。以唐山市作为样本，依据现实条件和发展需要，对交易指标选择、排污权总量核算、一级市场初始分配、二级市场交易模式、交易流程、价格体系、交易平台、交易实施效果后评估与反馈系统、交易保障体系，等9个关键环节得到结论和实施建议。针对该市实际情况，应首先开展COD和SO2等两项主要污染物的交易。排污权总量核算方法应“分步走”：先按目标总量核算，后续推进容量总量核算。交易一级市场初期采用免费分配，后逐步向混合分配过渡；分配方法采用历史排放量法。二级市场交易模式采用基准-信用模式（ERCs模式）。交易流程重点在二级市场，分为初始构建阶段和成熟运转阶段。政府推出指导价作为二级市场交易价格信息导向，不对企业交易价格作出规定，最终成交价格由交易双方磋商确定。在排污权交易制度建设过程中，应协调不同区域和行业的发展。交易年限阶段，逐步从“一次性买断”过渡到由交易双方自由磋商确定。排污权交易启动初期，利用唐山市碳排放权交易所的机构资源，成立国有独资企业性质的排污权交易平台。同时建立相关保障平台和反馈机制。关键词：排污权交易，污染治理，分级市场，测算体系，交易平台 

On the basis of limiting the total amount of pollutants in certain area, the pollution emission firm is permitted to trade the pollutant discharge rights of the legitimate pollutants, which can effectively control the total amount of pollution, improve the initiative of the enterprise in pollution control, and reduce the cost of government management. China is still in the exploration stage in terms of emissions trading theory.Taking Tangshan City as a sample, according to the actual conditions and the needs of development, the paper focuses on the trading indicators, the total emissions accounting, the allocation of the primary market, the trading patterns of secondary market, the trading process, the price system, the trading platform, post evaluation and feedback system for the implementation of the transaction, and other 9 key links to get conclusions and recommendations.According to the actual situation of the city, we should carry out the trade of two major pollutants, such as COD and SO2. Method of total discharge amount calculation should be performed by steps: first by the total amount of the target accounting, and then to promote the capacity of total accounting. The initial stage of the transaction is distributed freely in primary markets, and then gradually to the mixed allocation. In secondary market trading, the benchmark - credit mode (ERCs mode) should be employed.Trading process focus on the secondary market, which is divided into the initial stage of construction and mature operation stage. The government launched the guidance price as oriented information of the secondary market in transaction price, and didn’t make the transaction price of the enterprise, so the final transaction price should be negotiated by the two parties. In the process of the construction of emission trading system, the development of different regions and industries should be coordinated. In the transaction life stage, gradually transit from the "A one-time buyout" to free consultation by the parties to the transaction. Taking advantage of carbon emissions trading platform in Tangshan City, make the establishment of emissions trading platform governed by state-owned enterprises in the initial stage. At the same time, relevant security platform and feedback mechanism are established.Key words：emission trading, pollution control, classification market,measurement system,trading platform;