铷冷原子源的产生研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 马红玉 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2008 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 王育竹 |
| 关键词 | 亚多普勒冷却 激光诱导蒸发冷却 积分球冷却 速度选择相干布居囚禁 |
| 其他题名 | Generation of Cold Rubidium Atoms |
| 中文摘要 | 本文介绍了激光诱导蒸发冷却、积分球冷却与速度选择相干布居囚禁产生铷冷原子源的理论与实验研究。 第一章引言部分简单介绍了冷原子的发展历史、现状及其在科学研究上的重要应用。 第二章介绍了激光冷却的发展历史，多普勒及亚多普勒冷却的基本原理，以及激光捕获的基本原理与目前常用的原子势阱。 第三章首先介绍了蒸发冷却的基本原理，然后提出一个在MOT中进行激光诱导蒸发冷却的方案，并对激光诱导蒸发冷却的原理进行分析。随后详细介绍了实验装置，在光学系统部分对我们所做的采用Zeeman效应与饱和吸收法对激光器稳频的工作进行详细描述。之后介绍了用激光诱导蒸发冷却的方法从磁光阱（MOT）中获得温度低于多普勒冷却极限以下的冷原子的实验。我们将MOT中的冷原子从185 K冷却到55 K，MOT中的原子数目从 降低到 。并且研究了用于激光诱导蒸发冷却光束的光强与频率失谐对蒸发冷却结果的影响。最后讨论了将空心光束应用于此激光诱导蒸发冷却实验的优点，介绍了我们用多模光纤产生空心光束的实验研究及结果分析。 第四章介绍了积分球冷却所具备的优点以及发展历史，然后介绍了用于激光冷却的积分球的设计与加工部分的工作，在这一部分对积分球的表面辐射率以及Q值等参数对冷却效果的影响进行分析。最后一部分内容是利用我们加工的陶瓷积分球进行激光冷却获得冷原子的实验，以及实验结果与分析。 第五章中介绍了速度选择相干布居囚禁（VSCPT）技术的基本理论，分析了可用VSCPT技术进行冷却的铷原子的基态 与激发态 组成的 系统及基态 与激发态 组成的IW( inverted W )系统。提出了用VSCPT技术获得低于反冲动量的超冷原子的方法，并且给出了如何从MOT或是Molasses捕获的冷原子团中利用VSCPT技术获得超冷原子的具体步骤。 第六章是对全文的总结，以及未来进一步工作介绍。 |
| 英文摘要 | This dissertation describes three ways of atomic cooling and trapping to generate cold Rubidium atoms, including light-induced evaporation cooling, integrating sphere cooling and velocity selective coherent population trapping (VSCPT). The foreword briefly reviews the history of the development of cold atoms and their applications. The second chapter introduces the theory of laser cooling, especially the Doppler cooling and sub-Doppler cooling. The theory of laser trapping and several energy traps are described too. The third chapter firstly reviews the general theory of evaporation cooling, and then the method and the associated theory of the light-induced evaporation (LIE) cooling in MOT are presented. Following a detailed description of the experimental system, the experiment of the laser frequency stabilization by the Zeeman effects and the saturated absorption lines of Rubidium atoms is shown. The following part of this chapter presents the experiment in which we obtained cold Rb atoms of the sub-Doppler temperature using the LIE cooling technique. The temperature of the atoms in MOT was reduced from 185 to 55 K and the atom number from to . We also measured the temperature and atom number after the evaporative cooling as a function of several parameters including the distance between the laser beam and the center of the atomic cloud, the laser intensity and the laser frequency detuning. At the end of this chapter, we discussed the possibility of using a hollow laser beam in the LIE cooling experiment and reported the successful generation of a hollow beam with a multi-mode fiber. The forth chapter presents the experiment of atomic cooling with an integrating sphere. The first part reviews the development history of the integrating sphere cooling of atoms. The design and machining of an integrating sphere system is described in detail. The effects of the parameters of the sphere on the cooling were discussed. The last part of this chapter describes the experiment and the experimental results show that the atoms in the integrating sphere are cooled down evidently. The fifth chapter firstly introduced the theory of velocity selective coherent population trapping (VSCPT). Then the rubidium system which was composed of the ground state and the eradiated state and IW (inverted W) system which was composed of the ground state and the eradiated state were analyzed theoretically. Finally, a method to generate cold atoms with temperature lower than the sub-recoil temperature by the VSCPT was presented. The last chapter is the conclusion of the dissertation and the research work which could be done in the near future is listed. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15230]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 马红玉. 铷冷原子源的产生研究[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2008. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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