静电纺丝技术制备功能性微纳纤维
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 董国平 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2010 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 邱建荣 |
| 关键词 | 静电纺丝 微纳纤维 光致发光 长余辉 单晶 |
| 其他题名 | Preparation of Functional Micro/nanofibers by Electrospinning |
| 中文摘要 | 静电纺丝技术，作为制备一维微纳材料最为方便、高效的方法之一，得到了研究者们的广泛关注。运用该技术制备电纺丝微纳纤维，可以方便地对其尺寸、结构、形貌和组分等进行调节，使得这类电纺丝纤维在光学、电学、磁学、传感、生物等领域具有广泛的应用。 本文采用静电纺丝技术，运用简单的掺杂和热处理，制备出多种具有不同功能的电纺丝微纳纤维。 运用PVP和PVA等聚合物对AgNO3的弱还原作用，通过AgNO3的掺入，室温下制备了大面积尺寸可调的Ag纳米粒子掺杂聚合物电纺丝纤维；通过提高AgNO3的掺入含量，结合热处理工艺，制备出了纯Ag电纺丝多孔薄膜，实验证实了该纯Ag电纺丝多孔薄膜具有优异的表面增强Raman散射（SERS）效应和生物抗菌性能。 采用燃烧合成法合成的BCNO荧光粉为原料，运用两步离心法，成功制备出直径约为10 nm的单分散BCNO纳米粒子，将该纳米粒子掺入电纺丝前驱体溶液中，通过调节硼酸、PEG和尿素三种原料的相对含量，成功制备出蓝光到绿光发光连续可调的电纺丝纳米纤维。 采用静电纺丝技术，原位合成了Sr2SiO4: Eu电纺丝纤维，通过控制热处理的温度和气氛，制备出具有较强黄色发光的Sr2SiO4: Eu2+电纺丝纤维，并探讨了该电纺丝纤维作为GaN基LED白光纳米线的可行性。 采用静电纺丝技术，原位合成了Ca(Sr)Al2Si2O8: Eu2+, Dy3+、SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+和CaTiO3: Pr3+电纺丝纤维，实验中观察到了这三种电纺丝纤维分别具有蓝色、绿色和红色的三基色长余辉发光，这拓展了电纺丝纤维在生物标记、显示、光传感探测等领域的应用。 运用静电纺丝技术，采用一步热处理的简单工艺，首次开创性的合成了单晶电纺丝纤维，简要的探讨了该Y3Al5O12（YAG）单晶电纺丝纤维的形成机理；通过光学活性的稀土离子（Eu3+）的掺杂，表征了单根YAG: Eu3+单晶电纺丝纤维的偏振发光性能，并详细研究了其与电纺丝纤维的直径和空间放置的变化关系，得到了一些一般性的规律；该YAG单晶电纺丝纤维的成功合成，极大的拓展了电纺丝纤维在光学、光波导、光传感等微纳光电子器件中的应用。 |
| 英文摘要 | Electrospinning, as one of the most convenient and effective technique for producing one-dimensional micro/nanomaterials, has attracted great interest in the past decade. It is convenient to tune the size, morphology and composition of micro/nanofibers by electrospinning, which enables the electrospun micro/nanofibers to be potentially applied in the fields of optics, electrics, magnetics, biology, etc. In this dissertation, utilizing the electrospinning technique combining with doping and heat treatment, we have successfully prepared several kinds of functional electrospun micro/nanofibers. By doping AgNO3 into PVP or PVA solution, Ag nanoparticles can be conveniently prepared due to the PVP or PVA polymer reducing effect at room temperature. Using the AgNO3-doped PVP or PVA solution as the precursor, we prepared large scale Ag nanoparticle-embedded polymer electrospun nanofibers. By increasing the content of AgNO3, porous Ag electrospun films were synthesized after heat treatment in air. The experimental results confirmed that these Ag electrospun films exhibited excellent surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect and antibacterial activity. Using the BCNO phosphors prepared by combusted synthesis method as the raw materials, mono-dispersed BCNO nanoparticles with size of ~10 nm have been successfully prepared after two-step centrifugation. Using the BCNO nanoparticle-doped PVP solution as the precursor, BCNO/PVP polymer nanofibers was prepared by electrospinning. These electrospun nanofibers exhibited tunable emission from blue to green by adjusting the concentration of PEG and urea. Sr2SiO4: Eu nanofibers were in-situ synthesized by calcination of as-prepared electrospun nanofibers. By controlling the temperature and atmosphere of heat treatment, Sr2SiO4: Eu2+ electrospun nanofibers with intense yellow emission were successfully prepared, which can be potentially applied in the fields of light-emitting diode (LED)-based one-dimensional white light sources. Utilizing electrospinning technique, Ca(Sr)Al2Si2O8: Eu2+, Dy3+, SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ and CaTiO3: Pr3+ nanofibers were in-situ synthesized by calcination in different atmosphere. Experimental results indicted that the Ca(Sr)Al2Si2O8: Eu2+, Dy3+, SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ and CaTiO3: Pr3+ nanofibers emitted blue, green and red long afterglow luminescence, respectively. The successful synthesis of nanofibers with tricolor long afterglow luminescence would extend the application of electrospun nanofibers in the fields of biological markers, displays, photodetector, etc.. After one-step calcination of the as-prepared electrospun nanofibers, single crystalline Y3Al5O12 (YAG) nanofibers were originally synthesized in-situ for the first time. The formation mechanism of YAG single crystalline nanofibers was also discussed in the thesis. After doping with Eu3+ ions, notable polarized photoluminescence (PL) from an individual YAG: Eu3+ nanofiber was characterized. The relationship between polarized PL and the size of nanofibers was also investigated in detail, which indicated that the polarized PL showed a strong diametrical dependence on the size of nanofiber when the diameter is comparable to the light wavelength. The successful synthesis of single crystalline YAG electrospun nanofibers would remarkably extended the application of electrospun nanofibers in the fields of optics, optical waveguide, optical sensor, etc.. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15292]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 董国平. 静电纺丝技术制备功能性微纳纤维[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2010. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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