掺铒玻璃平面光波导材料的研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 赵士龙 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2005 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 胡丽丽 |
| 关键词 | Er3／Yb3+共掺 磷酸盐玻璃 啼酸盐玻璃 离子交换 光波导 微片激光器 |
| 其他题名 | Study of Er~(3+)-doped planar optical waveguide glass materials |
| 中文摘要 | 未来光通讯以全光通信为主流已经成为共识，与电通信的发展相似，光通信将向小型化和集成化方向发展。工作在155onm光通信波段的Er3+／Yb3+共掺玻璃波导放大器（EDWA）是继掺饵光纤放大器（EDFA）、半导体光放大器（SOA）研制成功以来又一种具有发展前途的光放大器。EDWA具有制造成本低、单位长度增益高、结构紧凑、尺寸小巧、很适合于有限空间内的灵活应用等优点。器件的制作关键之一在于材料本身的性能。本论文紧紧围绕光波导基质材料的性质及其应用展开。论文第一章从稀土离子掺杂材料的激光理论、掺饵激光玻璃材料、掺饵微片激光器和掺饵光波导等方面进行了综述，然后提出了本文的不奸究思路。论文第二章介绍了实验方法和理论基础，包括玻璃的制备、掺饵玻璃光波导的制作、物理性质测试以及光谱理论计算、离子交换原理和激光理论等。论文第三章研究了两种用于离子交换实验的磷酸盐玻璃基质材料WM4和WMLi的物理化学性质和光谱性质。通过对含有Na＋的磷酸盐玻璃WM4在NaNO3熔盐中的化学稳定性分析，发现wM4玻璃具有比Kigle公司MM-1玻璃更好的化学稳定性；结合红外光谱，提出了离子交换过程中玻璃表而侵蚀的可能机理：根据Judd-Ofelt理论计算得到了两种磷酸盐玻璃的谱线强度参数Ωt（t=2，4，6）、自发辐射几率A、荧光分支比β和辐射寿命τ等。Er3+的荧光寿命在8.0ms左右，有利于上能级粒子数积累，从而容易形成粒子数反转。论文第四章研究了用于宽带放大的掺1wt％氧化饵的磅酸盐玻璃TWN系统（TeO2-WO3-Na2O）、TW系统（TeO2-WO3）和TWM系统（TeO2-WO3-MO）等。首先分析了含有碱金属Na＋用于离子交换制作光波导的TWN系统，其中玻璃的转变温度为377.1℃，高于TeO2-ZnO-Na2O玻璃系统的玻璃转变温度，有利于离子交换实验；通过荧光光谱测定，荧光半高宽为52nm，大于磷酸盐和硅酸盐玻璃的荧光半高宽；Er3＋在峰值波长1532哪的受激发射截面为0．91、10一20cm2，大于TeO2-ZnO-Na2O蹄酸盐玻璃的受激发射截面0.75*10.20cm2。根据多声子弛豫理论，计算得到了Er3+离子在TwN玻璃中的4I11/2能级的寿命为63娜，而在TeO2-ZnO-Na2O磅酸盐玻璃中为302μs，在硅酸盐玻璃中为15μs。因此Er3+离子在TwN玻璃中的4II／2能级的寿命远小于在TeO2-ZnO-Na2O佛酸盐玻璃中4I11／2能级的寿命，而接近硅酸盐玻璃中的4I1112能级的寿命，可以采用980nmLD进行有效的泵浦。在TW系统（TeO2-WO3）中，随着WO3含量的增加，玻璃的密度、折射率增加、热膨胀系数降低而玻璃的析晶稳定性升高；受激发射截面增加而荧光半高宽与组分关系不大，都在66nm附近。在TwM系统（TeO2-WO3-MO）中，按照MgO＜CaO＜SrO＜BaO的顺序，玻璃密度和折射率依次增加。与其它基质材料的玻璃相比，TeO2-WO3-MO（M=Mg，Ca，Sr，Ba）玻璃具有最大的FwHM*σcmin，适合作为宽带放大器的基质材料。论文第五章研究了掺饵玻璃平面光波导。在磷酸粼汗日碎酸盐玻璃中，通过改变实验条件，研究了离子交换温度、交换时间、熔盐浓度、退火和二次离子交换对平面光波导传输特性的影响。对磷酸盐玻璃的退火实验研究表明随着退火时间的延长和温度的升高，光波导模式数目增加，波导层深度力「l深，并且波导表面折射率与玻璃基质折射率差减小。退火扩散深度与退火时间的平方根呈正比关系。在WM4玻璃中制作的通道波导，长度为3.7cm，单通道泵浦的条件下，获得了最大增益为7.8dB，增益系数为2.1d／cm；而在双通道泵浦条件下，最大增益为15.2dB，增益系数为4.1dB／cm。论文第六章采用LD泵浦在室温状态成功地实现了不同条件下德饵共掺的磷酸盐玻璃WMLi连续激光输出，并研究了稀土离子浓度、样品厚度、泵浦功率、谐振腔长度和腔结构对激光性质的影响。样品中Er3+浓度为4．9*1019／cm3，厚度为lmm时表现出最大的斜率效率26％；而样品中Er3+浓度为0.99*1019／cm，厚度为Zmm时实」见了最大输出功率80mw。最后是本论文的结论部分，概括了全文的研究结果，同时指出了存在的不足及需要改进的地方。 |
| 英文摘要 | In future optical communication being mainly in all-optical communication has been the common acknowledgement. Er3+ doped glass waveguide amplifier (EDWA) is a new and promising optical amplifier working at 1550nm communication wavelength after the successful development of Er3+ doped optical fiber amplifier and semiconductor optical amplifier. Er3+ doped waveguide amplifier has many advantages including low fabrication cost, high gain per unit, structural compactness, small size, and flexibility in limited space. One of key factors of apparatus fabrication is matrix material. In this thesis, the work is focused on the properties and applications of Er3+ doped planar optical waveguide glass materials. The purpose and significance of investigation of Er3+ doped optical waveguide materials are stressed in the introduction part. Laser theory of rare earth doped materials, Er3+ doped laser glasses, Er3+ doped microchip lasers and Er3+ doped optical waveguides are described in the first chapter. The idea of this thesis is presented in this chapter. In the second chapter, the experimental methods and theory basis are introduced. They include glass sample preparation, fabrication of Er3+ doped optical waveguide, measurements of physical properties, spectroscopic theory, ion exchange theory and laser theory. Phyiscial and chemical properties and spectroscopic properties of two kinds of phosphate glasses matrix materials WM4 and WMLi were studied in the third chapter. By analysis of chemical durability of WM4 phosphate glass in molten salt, it is found ? that WM4 has better chemical durability than MM-1 of Kigre's company. According to IR spectra, the possible corrosion mechanism in ion exchange process was brought forward. Through Judd-Ofelt theory, intensity parameters Q((t=2, 4, 6), spontaneous emission rate A, fluorescence branching ratio p and radiative lifetime x were derived. The fluorescence lifetime of upper energy level of Er3+ ions is about 8ms, which is beneficial to the accumulation of upper energy level Er3+ ions. In fourth chapter tellurite glasses: TWN (TeO2-WO3-Na2O), TW (TeO2-WO3) and TWM(TeO2-WO3-MO) glasses with lwt% Er2O3 for broadband optical amplifiers were investigated. The glass transition temperature of TWN glass is 377.1°C, which is higher than that of TeC>2-ZnO-Na2O glass and it is helpful to ion exchange processes. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of TWN glass is 52nm, which is larger than that of phosphate and silicate glass. The stimulated emission cross-section (o~emj) of Er3+ at 1532nm is 0.91xl0"20cm2 and higher than that of TeO2-ZnO-Na2O tellurite glass. According to multiphonon relaxation of Er3+ ions, the lifetime of 4In/2 level in TWN glass, TeO2-ZnO-Na2O tellurite glass, silicate glass is 63|.is, 302|is and 15us, respectively. The lifetime of 4Iu/2 level in TWN glasses is much shorter than that of TeO2-ZnO-Na2O tellurite glass and it is close to that of silicate glasses. It means less upconversion will happen by 980nm LD pumping. In TW binary system, with the increasing of WO3, the density, refractive index, crystalline stability of glass and the stimulated emission cross section increase but thermal expansion coefficient decreases and full width at half maximum changes little. In TWM glass system(M=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba), , the density and refractive index increase in the order of MgO |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15397]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 赵士龙. 掺铒玻璃平面光波导材料的研究[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2005. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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