分布式光纤温度应变双参量传感技术研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 孙安 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2008 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 林尊琪 |
| 关键词 | 光纤传感 布里渊散射 光纤Bragg光栅 应变 温度 |
| 其他题名 | Study of optical fiber sensing technology for the measurent of temperature and strain |
| 中文摘要 | 基于光纤自发布里渊散射的光纤传感作为一种新兴温度与应变测量的传感技术，是目前传感领域里的一个研究热点，其能够应用于各种地下电缆与石油管线温度与应变，大坝、桥梁等大型建筑的应变变形监测和结构健康诊断中，具有广泛的市场前景。本文研究了国内外相关技术，对目前研究较为广泛的各种分布式光纤传感技术，特别是基于布里渊散射的分布式光纤传感技术（BOTDR）的发展及研究现状进行了较为详细的论述。同时结合本课题的研究重点，对光纤中自发布里渊散射理论及其对温度/应变的传感机理进行了较深入的理论分析,在此基础上，针对BOTDR测量长度大但精度低的特点，提出采用光纤布拉格光栅传感器结合BOTDR的方法，来实现对工程整体结构和对局部关键部位的检测。研究了光纤传感系统温度压力交叉敏感问题，分析了针对这两种技术的温度应变区分测量方案，并对现有方案可实现性进行了讨论 研究了基于BOTDR的分布式传感系统以及FBG传感系统原理，通过一系列技术方案，解决了微弱后向布里渊散射信号的提取、放大和解调的技术难点，完成BOTDR及FBG的系统搭建，并自行设计BOTDR解调瞬时测频模块及核心拟合算法。对系统进行了温度应力测试，实验结果显示BOTDR系统的空间分辨率达到2m，量程33km，温度分辨率2℃，量程120℃,应变分辨率50με，量程±2700με。 设计、组建了准分布式光纤光栅温度应变双参量传感系统，实验结果表明该系统具有测量精度高的优点，温度分辨率为0.1℃，量程150℃，应变分辨率为1με，量程3000με。 成功将光纤FBG光栅传感系统应用于大型涡轮机内蒙皮应变测试，证明了光纤光栅传感器在恶劣环境下的生存能力以及测量精度的保持，进一步论证光纤光栅用于局部结构高精度检测可行性。 |
| 英文摘要 | Optical fiber sensors based on Brillouin scattering have been used extensively in the measurement of distributed temperature and/or strain due to their potential use for measuring temperature and strain of underground power cables and oil pipe lines, making temperature independent strain measurements of large-scale structures such as dams and bridges and for strain mapping of large areas of land for early warning of potentially catastrophic land slippage in areas identified to be at risk. In this thesis，based on a study of the distributed optic fiber sensors，We analyzes and discusses some distributed fiber sensing technique which are studied broadly at present, especially the headway and the developing direction of the Brillouin scattering distributed optic fiber sensor (BOTDR).Combining our studied emphases, we make deeply theoretic analysis for the theoretic of spontaneous Brillouin scattering in fiber and its sensing mechanism for the measurement of temperature and strain. Then we propose the scheme of fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBG) combining with BOTDR sensing system for the accurate measurement of some key component and the approximately strain distribution of the whole engineering structure. On this basis, the problem of cross-sensitivity between temperature and pressure are studied. The practicability of current schemes for the simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature using BOTDR and FBG technique are discussed. The technique of Brillouin scattering distributed optical fiber sensing system and FBG sensing has been studied in this thesis. The BOTDR and FBG sensing system are designed. A serials of scheme were designed and used to solve the problem of amplification, wave filtering, and signal detection of weak Brillouin scattering signal. The demodulation system scheme and modules of BOTDR and FBG are designed and realized. The key software data processing and curve fitting Algorithmic is designed and used. Then the temperature and strain experiments of BOTDR and FBG sensing system are carried on to test its performance. Experimental results show that the spatial resolution, temperature resolution and strain resolution of BOTDR are 2m , 2℃ and 50με respectively with the measurement range of 33km, 120℃, and ±2700με. The temperature, strain resolution of FBG sensing system are 0.1℃ and 1με respectively with the measurement range of 150℃ and±2700με. The FBG sensing system was designed and and used for the strain distribution measurement of inner skin of large thruster, and the results are good, which prove the survival ability and precision maintainability of FBG sensor in bad application conditiong |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15424]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 孙安. 分布式光纤温度应变双参量传感技术研究[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2008. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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