积分球冷原子钟
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王旭成 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2012 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 刘亮 |
| 关键词 | 激光冷却 全同光场冷却 原子频标 Ramsey条纹 相干时间 |
| 其他题名 | Cold Atom Clock Based on Integrating Sphere |
| 中文摘要 | 本学位论文的内容主要是围绕着作者在攻读博士学位期间的两项主要工作展开的：一项工作是积分球冷却铷原子的研究；另一项工作是小型化积分球冷原子钟的建立。 本论文的第二章、第三章首先对激光冷却以及原子频标两方面内容作了简单介绍，包括发展历史、现状以及相关理论知识。因为作者博士期间的工作主要是围绕积分球冷却展开的，所以这里也简单介绍了利用积分球产生全同光场来实现激光冷却中性原子的相关内容以及其在小型化冷原子钟研制领域的特点，比如这种冷却技术所捕获的冷原子数量多、密度低、效率高，并且具有低功耗、全光冷却的优点。而这些特点使得积分球冷却在建立小型化冷原子钟方面具有极大的潜力。 关于积分球冷却方面，论文首先从积分球冷却87Rb原子入手，详细介绍了如何实现积分球捕获85Rb原子，这项研究是利用积分球冷却技术实现87Rb-85Rb冷分子研究的重要一步。本文在4.3节详细的介绍了作者所做的关于测量积分球内冷原子密度分布的研究工作，这项工作不但使人们对于积分球内冷原子的分布有了清楚地认识，而且还为积分球冷原子频标的相关研究奠定了基础。除此之外，这一章还介绍了作者所做的关于积分球内冷原子的装载与寿命、温度测量以及实现快速冷却方面的工作。这些工作为建立积分球冷原子钟做了技术准备。 积分球冷原子钟也是小型化冷原子频标的一种。这是作者博士期间的另一项主要工作，在第五章中进行了详细的介绍。首先从实验装置入手，逐步介绍了实验获得的Ramsey干涉条纹(通过升级系统，对比度为 ~ 81%，信噪比 ~ 100)，并从理论上和实验上讨论了积分球中影响冷原子相干时间的因素(详细分析了碰撞退相干因素以及热扩散效应)。这些研究为提高Ramsey条纹的对比度，获得更窄线宽的钟跃迁信号提供了理论依据。积分球冷原子钟的初步闭环结果并不是太理想，作者对影响因素进行了简单分析。最后，根据研究经验，在5.5节介绍了一种新的积分球冷原子钟光路耦合的设计方案，该方案可以最大限度的减少系统不必要的开孔，使内部的微波场和C-场更均匀，便于集成并能够增强系统的稳定性。 |
| 英文摘要 | The content in this thesis mainly include two topics that the author gets involved in his PhD works. One topic is laser cooling rubidium atoms in the integrating sphere; and the other one is compact cold atom clock based on integrating sphere. The history, present situation and background knowledge about laser cooling neutral atoms and atomic frequency standard are discussed in chapter 2 and 3. Author’s main works for PhD are laser cooling and compact cold atom clock based on integrating sphere, so the related knowledge about cooling atoms in diffuse light and its special potentials in building atom clocks are introduced in this chapter, such as it can capture more cold atoms with lower density and higher cooling efficiency than other laser cooling technologies. The characters of low power consumption, all optical cooling make it be more robust in building the compact cold atom clocks. Cooling and capturing 85Rb and 87Rb atoms in integrating sphere are presented in chapter 4, which is the first step to realize the ultracold 85Rb - 87Rb heteronuclear molecules. It also presents the work on measuring the density spatial distribution of cold atoms in integrating sphere in section 4.3, which not only present a clear figure about the spatial distribution of cold atoms in integrating sphere but also be considered as a significant experiment in improving the performance of atom clock in future. Futhermore, other studies on the lifetime and loading time of cold atoms, measuring the temperature of cold atoms and pulsed cooling technology in an integrating sphere are also included in this chapter. These works are important steps for the developing of our compact cold atom clock. The cold atom clock based on integrating sphere is a kind of compact cold atom clocks. The related works on compact cold atom clock have been discussed in detail in chapter 5. The experimental setup is introduced firstly, and then the Ramsey fringes got from experiment are presented. Transverse decay about cold atoms in integrating sphere is studied in theory and experiment, which is helpful for improving the contrast and narrowing the linewidth of Ramsey fringes. Besides those, this chapter also describes the preliminary locking results about our clock, though the result is not very good. Finally, a kind of novel integrated design about the compact cold atom clock based on integrating sphere is presented in section 5.5. This scheme can extremely minimize the amount of unnecessary holes on the integrating sphere, and making the microwave field and C-field inside the sphere to be more uniform, which is helpful for developing a compact cold atom clock with high stability. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15696]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王旭成. 积分球冷原子钟[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2012. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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