透闪石（软玉）和蛇纹石（岫玉）的激光拉曼光谱分析及在中国古代玉器无损研究中的应用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 赵虹霞 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2010 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 干福熹 |
| 关键词 | 玉石，古代玉器，激光拉曼光谱，无损分析 |
| 其他题名 | Laser Raman Spectroscopic Analysis on tremolite (Nephrite) and Serpentine (Xiuyan Jade) and its Application in Non-destructive study of Ancient Chinese Jade Artifacts |
| 中文摘要 | 中国的玉器不仅产生最早而且文化内涵最为丰富，绵延八千余年的玉文化更被视为中国传统文化的标志之一。从古至今软玉和岫玉一直是享誉国内外的著名玉石，应用极为广泛。探索各种无损分析技术研究软玉和岫玉的矿物相结构和成分特征，建立和丰富相关的数据库，有助于对古代玉器进行鉴别。这些研究结果对于加强古代玉器研究的科学性具有非常重要的意义。 在外束质子激发X-射线荧光技术（External beam proton induced X-ray emission, PIXE）和X-射线衍射技术(X-ray diffraction, XRD)的研究基础上，采用488 nm、632 nm和785 nm三种激发波长的激光拉曼光谱技术（Laser Raman Spectroscopy, LRS）定性和半定量分析了国内外不同产地约70件透闪石（软玉）和蛇纹石两个系列的玉石样品，在100～4000 cm-1这一大范围内系统研究了玉石的各个拉曼特征振动峰，进一步揭示了激光拉曼光谱中所蕴含的丰富信息。单独运用LRS技术通过低频和高频区域特征振动峰的峰位和相对峰强的变化对透闪石（软玉）和蛇纹石玉石进行了不同矿物相的准确鉴测。仅利用3600～3700 cm-1高频区域中激光拉曼光谱特征振动峰之间的细微差别实现了透闪石型和阳起石型软玉的区分，同时证明了半定量分析在激光拉曼光谱技术中的可行性。结合扫描电子显微镜技术（Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM）分析所得软玉的显微纤维结构特征，证明纤维越细透闪石（软玉）在3673 cm-1附近氢氧根伸缩振动峰的半高宽越窄。结合PIXE技术的化学成分分析结果，证明软玉低频区域拉曼特征振动峰的分布受双链间阳离子置换程度的影响。 在古代玉器研究方面，本实验采用不同激发波长的LRS技术对我国几个古文化遗址出土的未知材质的15件古代玉器独立完成了无损研究，通过比较古代玉器和玉石的拉曼光谱分析结果，准确判定了这些古代玉器的材质分别属于透闪石型软玉、叶蛇纹石和利蛇纹石，与PIXE和XRD测试结果完全吻合。这一系列研究结果为进一步拓展LRS技术在无损伤鉴测古代玉器研究中的独立应用奠定了基础。 |
| 英文摘要 | Ancient Chinese jade artifacts，appeared early from the prehistoric times, have most abundant cultural connotations. The jade culture has lasted more than 8000 years and become one of the symbols of traditional Chinese culture. The nephrite and Xiuyan jade, which are all widely used as raw materials of jade artifacts, have been well-known jades at home and abroad from ancient times till now. It is very important for us to further explore some non-destructive analysis means and so to investigate the characteristics of their mineral phase structure and chemical composition. The results can be used to build and enrich the related database and to identify ancient jade artifacts. All these are significant to enhance the scientific value of ancient jade artifacts study. Based on the external beam proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analytical results, the laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS) technology with three excitation wavelengths (488, 632, 785nm) has been used to analyze about 70 samples came from different places at home and abroad including tremolite (nephrite) and serpertine (Xiuyan jade) qualitatively and semi-quantitatively. The characteristic vibration peaks of jades in Raman spectra were analyzed systematically in a wide range of 100～4000 cm-1. The abundant information in the Raman spectra was further revealed. Separately using LRS technology, we achieved good results of the discrimination between tremolite (nephrite) and serpentine according to the changes of peak location and relative intensity of characteristic vibration peaks in low and high frequency. Based only on the nuances of Raman spectra between the tremolite and actinolite in the high frequency region of 3600~3700 cm-1 different types of nephrite were distinguished and also shown that the semi-quantitative analysis in LRS is feasible. Referred to the results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis for the microscopic fibrous structure of tremolite (nephrite), it showed that the finer the fiber size is, the smaller the half-width of the strong O-H stretching vibration peak at 3673 cm-1 will be. The extent of cation exchange between double-chains in nephrite can affect the Raman characteristic vibration peaks in low-frequency, which agrees with the result of chemical composition obtained by PIXE technology. In ancient jade research, about 15 samples of ancient Chinese jade artifacts of unknown material unearthed from several ancient cultural sites in China were studied non-destructively with the LRS using different excitation wavelength. The raw materials of these ancient jade artifacts were appraised being the tremolite (nephrite), antigorite and lizardite successfully based on the Raman spectroscopic analysis of jades, which are consistent with the results of the PIXE and XRD. This series of research laid a foundation for further expanding the stand-alone applications of LRS in the non-destructive study of ancient jade artifacts. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/16430]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 赵虹霞. 透闪石（软玉）和蛇纹石（岫玉）的激光拉曼光谱分析及在中国古代玉器无损研究中的应用[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2010. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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