长输油管道泄漏OTDR分布式光纤传感技术研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 张晓建 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2007 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 阮昊 |
| 关键词 | 分布式光纤传感 光时域反射计 漏油传感 三元乙丙橡胶 |
| 中文摘要 | 分布式光纤传感技术是伴随着光纤通信技术发展而另辟新径的一种崭新的传感技术。而在众多分布式光纤传感技术中，基于光时域反射计（OTDR）的分布式光纤传感器是最容易实现工程化、产品化的技术。与传统传感器相比，分布式光纤传感器凭借长距离线传感、抗干扰等优点，广泛应用于城市建设、环境检测、航空航天、石油探测等领域。其中在长距离输油管道漏油检测的众多检测手段中，基于光时域反射计的分布式光纤漏油传感是最有发展潜力的。 本文首先对光纤漏油传感器的油敏感材料进行研究，在众多材料中选择确定三元乙丙橡胶作为油敏感材料，并通过实验研究了三元乙丙橡胶的各种性质。接着研究并提出了一种基于光时域反射计的准分布式光纤漏油传感器，并对单模光纤的宏弯曲做了初步研究，这种传感器能对石油管道的多个区域进行监测，每个点传感器的灵敏度在15分钟内能达到0.6dB。最后提出了一种基于光时域反射计的全分布式光纤漏油传感器，并设计了一种对长距离石油管道进行全程无缝检测的传感光缆。由光缆的模拟漏油实验得到：光缆对每一漏油事件的灵敏度在15分钟内为0.1dB，3公里光纤上漏油事件间的最小分辨距离为15米。 本文的创新之处在于：1. 通过光纤宏弯曲损耗分析，提出了一种全新的点光纤漏油传感器；2. 设计出全新的基于OTDR的漏油传感光缆，实现长距离石油管道的漏油检测。 本文提出的两个分布式漏油传感器具有结构简单，成本低廉，灵敏度高，安装与维护方便等优点，有望在长距离石油管道的漏油传感方面得到应用。 |
| 英文摘要 | Distributed optical fiber sensing technology is becoming a new sensing technique with the development of optical fiber communication technology. The distributed optical fiber sensors based on optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) are the easiest ones to become products in all these distributed optical fiber sensing technology. Compared with common sensors, distributed optical fiber sensors have broad application in civil building, environment measure, aviation, oil exploration and so on, due to long distance line sensing. In all methods of leakage detection for long oil pipeline, the distributed optical fiber sensor based on OTDR is the most development potential one. This paper has studied the oil sensitive material first. After considering several kinds of rubber, we concluded that EPDM rubber is the most suitable oil sensitive material for the sensor. Then we designed and did some research for a new kind of quasi-distributed optical fiber sensor for oil leakage detection based on OTDR, which can monitor several points of oil pipeline at the same time. And the sensitivity of point sensor for leakage detection is above 0.6 dB in 15min. At last we proposed and did some research for a new kind of full-distributed optical fiber sensor for oil leakage detection based on OTDR. In this sensor, a new sensing cable is designed, which can monitor long distance oil pipeline at a time. Accessing from the simulate experiment of sensing cable , the sensitivity of sensing cable for one oil leakage is above 0.1dB in 15min and the least distance of two leakage points to be distinguished is 15m , in 3 km sensing cable. The innovations in the present work are: 1.A quasi-distributed optical fiber sensor for oil leakage detection based on OTDR utilizing macro loss of optic fiber is designed and studied; 2.A full-distributed optical fiber sensor for long distance oil pipeline leakage detection based on OTDR is designed and studied. The two optical fiber sensors for oil leakage detection, which are simple structure, low cost, high sensitivity and convenient fixing and maintenance, are expected to be used in oil leakage sensing. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/16562]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张晓建. 长输油管道泄漏OTDR分布式光纤传感技术研究[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2007. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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