强度关联三维成像激光雷达
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 焦佳 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2013 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 徐文东 |
| 关键词 | 成像激光雷达，强度关联成像，赝热光源，时间切片 |
| 其他题名 | Three Dimensional Laser Radar Based on Intensity Correlated Imaging |
| 中文摘要 | 三维成像激光雷达技术，是对地观测领域的一种重要技术手段，它能够快速 获取地面目标含有深度信息的高分辨率遥感影像。强度关联成像是一种新的非局 域成像方式，与传统光学成像是基于光场的分布测量不同，关联成像是基于光场 的关联测量。强度关联成像应用于激光雷达有分辨率高、成像速度快、抗干扰、 结构简单等优势。研制一套强度关联成像激光雷达样机，解决传统成像激光雷达 分辨率和速度无法兼顾问题，为对地观测的成像激光雷达提供一种新体制的解决 方案，这是本文意义所在。本论文包含如下四部分： 第一章介绍了传统激光成像雷达和强度关联成像的研究现状，然后，从强度 关联成像激光雷达的原理出发，推导了反射式目标强度关联的成像机理，指出了 强度关联成像应用于激光雷达的优势。 第二章完成了强度关联成像激光雷达样机的构建，详细介绍了样机发射系统、 接收系统、同步控制及信息处理系统的器件组成、光路设计和控制架构。 第三章重点介绍了在样机的构建过程中，采用的两项关键技术： 一是从提高关联成像速度出发，创造性提出了改进型高速赝热光源的控制方 案。通过对毛玻璃的扫描过程的运动控制和时序约束，使激光脉冲每次都照射到 毛玻璃的预定区域，从而发出可重复的激光散斑，应用在关联成像中，可省去成 像过程中参考臂的采集，突破图像采集速度对成像速度的限制 二是通过时间切片技术，率先在国际上实现了强度关联的三维成像。在距离 选通的基础上，对回波信号进行高精度时间切片，通过对切片的关联重构获得在 不同距离下的目标二维形态，最后经过信息融合得到目标的三维构图。 第四章对强度关联三维成像激光雷达样机进行了性能验证。地面目标遥感成 像实验结果表明，使用改进型高速赝热光源，可提高成像速度二十倍以上；使用 高精度的时间切片技术，距离分辨率0.25m，优于飞行时间法的测距精度；角分 辨率达到10″，可超过衍射极限一倍。样机各项技术指标达到预定设计要求 |
| 英文摘要 | Three-dimensional imaging laser radar technology play an important role in earth observation. It can quickly obtain high-resolution remote sensing image with spatial depth of the ground targets. Intensity correlated imaging is a new non-localized imaging technology. Traditional optical imaging is based on the distribution measuring, while correlated imaging is based on the correlation measurement of the light field. Correlated imaging can be applied to laser radar with advantages of high resolution, high imaging speed, anti-jamming and simple structure. To solve the problem that resolution and speed of traditional imaging laser radar cannot be both enhanced, a prototype of intensity correlated imaging laser radar is developed. A new solution is provided for imaging laser radar in of the earth observations, which is the meaning of this article. This paper consists of four chapters： In Chapter 1, the research status of the traditional laser imaging radar and intensity correlated imaging are introduced. And then, the principle of reflective target''s intensity correlated imaging is derived. In Chapter 2, the prototype is developed in detail with the emission system, receiving system, synchronization control and information processing system. The devices, optical design and control architecture are described. In Chapter 3, two key technologies are introduced: To improve the imaging speed, an improved high-speed pseudo-thermal light is creatively proposed. With motion control and timing constraints，the scanning process on the ground glass is repeatable so that each laser pulse is irradiated to a predetermined area and repeatable speckles are produced. The reference arm acquisition is not necessary in the in the imaging process, as a result, the imaging speed is enhanced greatly. To realize the three-dimensional imaging, time slicing technology is used. On the basis of the range-gated and high-precision time slice, the two dimensional distribution in different distance can be obtained by correlated imaging. Three dimensional distribution of the target is formed by image fusion. In Chapter 4, the performance of the prototype of three-dimensional imaging laser based on intensity correlated is verified in experiment. Experiment results of targets in 2Km away show that imaging speed can be increased more than twenty times with the improved pseudo-thermal light; using the high precision time slicing technique, the distance resolution of 0.25 m and angle resolution of 10" is achieved. The two key technologies played a significant role in the enhancement of the technical specifications. The technical specifications have been reached. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/16786]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 焦佳. 强度关联三维成像激光雷达[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2013. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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