飞秒激光制备具有超双疏性能聚合物表面
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 范文中 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2016 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 赵全忠 |
| 关键词 | 飞秒激光，聚合物，超双疏，微纳结构 |
| 其他题名 | Fabrication of Superamphiphobic Polytetrafluoroethylene Surface by Femtosecond Laser Pulses |
| 中文摘要 | 材料表面的润湿性能是材料的一个重要属性，它和材料的其他物理化学过程如润滑、摩擦、吸附和黏合等也有密切关系，因此近年来材料表面的润湿性能一直是材料领域的热点研究话题。 人们首先观察到自然界中的各种润湿现象，然后通过仿生的方法制备具有特殊润湿性能的材料。在各项润湿性能中，超疏水性是受到“荷叶效应”启发而建立发展起来的，以改变材料表面化学组成（如对材料外表进行低表面能物质修饰）和微观形貌两个重要因素来实现大接触角和小滚动角的现象。超疏水性在自清洁表面、微流体系统和生物相容性方面都有潜在应用。目前已有包括化学气相沉积、溶胶凝胶、刻蚀、电纺、自组装等技术方法可以实现材料表面润湿性能的调控。 超疏油性与超疏水类似，但是因为油比水具有更低的表面张力，所以往往需要较低表面能物质对材料表面进行修饰和构造特殊微观形貌同时作用才能实现。虽然目前已有多种方法能够实现水和油的超双疏，但这些方法各自都存在一些不足和缺点。例如，一些方法需要进行复杂的多步操作，耗时较长，而且往往不能实现对材料表面空间选择性加工等。 本论文对使用飞秒激光微纳加工聚四氟乙烯表面实现超双疏性能进行了系统研究。通过利用飞秒激光与聚四氟乙烯的相互作用，在材料表面产生形成了微纳复合结构，改变了材料表面的微观形貌和粗糙度，结合材料自身的低表面能和可控制的表面微观形貌来调控它的润湿性能。本文的工作以及所取得的主要成果具体可分为以下三个方面： 1、 利用飞秒激光直写方法增强了聚四氟乙烯的疏水性能使其具备超疏水能力。通过使用300fs激光在聚四氟乙烯表面进行直写加工，形成微纳复合结构，将水滴在材料表面的静态接触角从109?增加到156.88?，实现聚四氟乙烯疏水性能的增强。 2、 通过使用飞秒脉冲激光在聚四氟乙烯材料表面直写加工形成微纳复合结构，低表面张力的油滴在聚四氟乙烯表面的静态接触角从61?增加到153.35?。利用飞秒激光直写方法成功实现聚四氟乙烯从亲油性到超疏油性能的转变。 3、 通过改变飞秒激光加工聚四氟乙烯表面的微槽间隔，使扫描间隔在5微米到100微米范围之间变化，实现了聚四氟乙烯材料表面粗糙度的调控。我们对实验结果进行了微观分析，并使用Cassie-Baxter模型解释了聚四氟乙烯表面疏油性能的变化规律。 |
| 英文摘要 | The wettability of materials is an important character of materials, which is also closely associated with other relevant physical and chemical processes, such as lubrication, friction, absorption and adhesion, so the research of the wettability of material surfaces has always being a research hotspot in recent years. Various phenomena of wettability have been observed and many meterials with special wettability have been developed by biomimetic method. In all wettability properties, superhydrophobicity is originally inspired and developed by the "Lotus effect", which depends on two critical factors of the chemical composition and microscopic morphology to realize big contact angles and small sliding angles. Superhydrophobicity has some potential applications like self-cleaning, micro-fluid system and biologic compatibility. Up to now, several techniques, i.e., chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel, etching, electro-spinning and self-assembly can tune the wettability of material surfaces. The principle of superoleophobicity is similar to that of superhydrophobicity. However, the superoleophobicity is always achieved under both the effects of lower surface energy materials and special microscopic morphology because the oil's surface tension is much lower than water's. Although such above methods may obtain superamphiphobicity, each has its some shortages and drawbacks, such as, multiple steps, difficult operation, long processing time and no spatially selective processing. This paper aims to systematically study the femtosecond laser micro-fabrication of polymer(polytetrafluoroethylene) surface to achieve superamphiphobicity. Femtosecond laser is used to process the polytetrafluoroethylene surface to form micro-nano dual-scale composite structure to change the microscopic morphology and enlarge the surface roughness to tune the wettability properties with the low surface energy material. The main research results of this paper can be summarized into the three following points: 1. Femtosecond laser is used to directly irradiate the polytetrafluoroethylene surface to enhance its wettability from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity. We used a 300 fs pulses laser to direct write the polytetrafluoroethylene surface to form micro-nano dual-scale composite structure, which enlarges the contact angle from 109° to 156.88° and realizes the enhancement of the superhydrophilicity of the polytetrafluoroethylene surface. 2. The transformation from intrinsic oleophilicity to superoleophobicity of polytetrafluoroethylene surfaces is realized by the formation of the micro-nano composite structure with femtosecond laser direct writing method. The oil droplets with low surface tension on the irradiated surfaces exhibit transition of contact angle from 61° to 153.35°. 3. The roughness of the surface structure can be tuned by changing the interval between two adjacent micro-grooves from 5 μm to 100 μm. The result of the contact angles is analysed and the change of the polytetrafluoroethylene surface wettability is explained by using the Cassie-Baxter model. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/16967]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 范文中. 飞秒激光制备具有超双疏性能聚合物表面[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2016. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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