现代光学检测技术在古代瓷器研究中的应用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 黎继立 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2016 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 李青会 |
| 关键词 | 古代瓷器 光学相干层析 X射线荧光光谱 扫描电子显微镜 光学显微镜 |
| 其他题名 | Application of Modern Optical Detection Technology for Study of the Ancient Chinese Porcelains |
| 中文摘要 | 中国古代瓷器是我国古代文化和技术的结晶，蕴含着丰富的科技、历史、艺术价值。综合利用现代多种光学检测技术对古代瓷器进行研究，对揭示其产地、年代、制作工艺等综合信息具有重要意义。本文结合光学相干层析 (OCT) 成像技术、便携式能量色散型X射线荧光光谱技术(pXRF)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM-EDS)、光学显微技术(OM)对不同地区出土出水的古代瓷器进行科学分析，进而探讨其分类、产地特征识别、工艺等问题。 论文的主要内容包括以下几个方面： (1)利用光学相干层析(OCT)成像技术研究了南海一号沉船出水的南宋初期景德镇窑和龙泉窑青瓷瓷片的瓷釉断层结构特征，并结合X射线荧光(XRF)光谱分析技术，对比研究了两个窑址青瓷胎釉化学成分差异，进而探讨了瓷釉断层OCT图像特征与釉层化学成分特征之间存在的联系。 (2)将X射线荧光(XRF)光谱分析技术与光学相干层析(OCT)成像技术与相结合，对南澳一号沉船出水景德镇和漳州两地的明代青花瓷瓷片的釉面断层结构特征、胎釉以及青花钴料的化学成分特征进行了分析，对瓷器分类以及产地特征识别等问题进行了研究。此外，还利了OCT技术对景德镇青花瓷局部青花图案进行了OCT 3D扫描，探讨OCT技术对青花纹饰纹理研究的可行性。 (3)结合OCT和XRF技术对河南省宝丰清凉寺、汝州张公巷、大峪东沟出土的青瓷残片样品进行了研究，对比分析了不同产地以及宝丰清凉寺不同时期青瓷的成分和结构的特征差异，进而探讨了河南省出土青瓷断源断代的相关问题。 (4)利用光学相干层析技术(OCT)、光学显微技术(OM)、扫描电镜技术(SEM)等多种技术相结合，分析了瓷器印花和刻花装饰工艺的显微特征、蓝釉红斑钧瓷釉层中的晶体颗粒以及胎釉中间层的化学成分，探索研究了晶体颗粒的物相、钧瓷釉色的致色机理以及胎釉中间层的化学成分特征。 |
| 英文摘要 | Chinese porcelains have a very important significance in scientific archaeology as the double carrier of ancient science and art.Modern optical detection technology analysis is an effective way to reveal the scientific and technical values of ancient Chinese porcelains.In this thesis,versatile techniques including portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF), optical coherence tomography (OCT),scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Optical Microscopy (OM) were used to analyze ancient Chinese ceramic and other relative artifacts excavated from different sites. Based on the results, some issues such as classification,characteristics of the porcelains from different provenance ,production process were discussed. The main contents of this dissertation are listed as the follows: (1)Celadon wares of Jingdezhen and Longquan found in Nanhai No.1 shipwreck which dated to early Southern Song dynasty are analyzed using optical coherence tomography(OCT) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The glaze cross-section structures and decorations of celadon wares from Jingdezhen and Longquan kilns are studied firstly by OCT, and then, the chemical compositions of glaze and body of the celadon wares are also obtained and compared. The results show that celadon wares from the two kilns have differences in both glaze cross-section structure and chemical compositions of glaze and body. Moreover, the differences of chemical composition of glaze have a close relationship to that of glaze cross-section structures. (2)In order to reveal comprehensive information and explore scientific methods for classification and provenance study for ancient Chinese blue and white porcelains, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy,combined with optical coherence tomography(OCT), is used to study the glaze cross-section structures of Chinese blue and white porcelains excavated from Nan’ao No.1 shipwreck and dated to Ming dynasty. The characteristics of glaze cross-section structures and chemical compositions of glaze, body and cobalt pigments are obtained. The experimental results show that blue and white porcelain from Jingdezhen kiln and Zhangzhou kiln have differences in both glaze cross-section structure and chemical compositions of glaze, body and cobalt pigments. According to the obvious difference of white glaze cross-section structures and chemical compositions of body and blue pigment, the blue and white porcelains from Zhangzhou kiln can be divided into two types. In addition, this paper shows the decorative pattern of blue and white porcelain of Jingdezhen blue and white porcelain by 3D scanning function of OCT, and indicates that the combination of OCT and XRF is validated as an effective method to study the classification, provenance and access to comprehensive information of ancient Chinese blue and white porcelains. (3)XRF and OCT were applied to characterize the Chinese ancient celadon excavated from Qingliangsi Zhanggongxiang and Dayudonggou in Henan province which were dated to Northern Song Dynasty to Han Dynasty .The characteristics and differences of the celadon which from the different regions in henan and The characteristics and differences of Qingliangsi celadon in different periods are obtained and compared.and then discusses,and then discuss the issues related to origin Analysis and chronology about celadon from Henan province. (4)OCT, SEM-EDS and OM were applied to study the differences of carved process and printing process, the crystal particles in Jun glaze layer and the chemical compositions of middle layer between glaze and body.According to the experimental results, the phases of crystal particles in glaze layer, the coloration mechanism of red Jun glaze and the features of chemical compositions of middle layer between glaze and body were discussed. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/17018]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 黎继立. 现代光学检测技术在古代瓷器研究中的应用[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2016. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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