Landscape change will cause flow and change of energy, material and nutrient between different units of land, and can cause regional ecological processes and systems functional changes. Based on the past two decades land cover changes of Dali city, the study applies ten types of landscape indices on class level and landscape level, analyzes the landscape changes of bare soil, grass land, water area, plough land, forest land, industrial land, and human habitation from year 1990 to 2010, then explores the various types of spatial and temporal evolution of the landscape, the regional landscape effects on the ecosystem, and provides a scientific reference for understanding the trend of ecological environment and promoting the coordinated development of regional economy and environment.