微生物絮凝剂的研制和应用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 宫小燕 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2002 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 栾兆坤 |
| 关键词 | 微生物絮凝剂 Microbial flocculant 筛选培养 screening cultivation 组成特性 constituent properties 吸附絮凝特性 adsorption and flocculation characteristics |
| 其他题名 | Preparation and Development of Microbial Flocculant |
| 中文摘要 | 微生物絮凝剂是近年来研究发现的一类新型的具有絮凝活性的天然有机高分子化合物,由于它对各类水质具有良好絮凝效果,且具有安全、无毒、易降解等特性,因而备受关注,成为国内外研究开发的热点和前沿课题.该论文在全面系统地论述近年来国内外微生物絮凝剂的研制开发现状与发展的基础上,对微生物絮凝剂产生菌种筛选、培养条件优化、絮凝剂结构组成与特性、絮凝作用机理以及应用进行较为系统深入地研究与探讨. |
| 英文摘要 | Microbial flocculants are newly developed natural macromolecular organic substances, which have the ability to flocculate various wastewater. For their biodegradability, high performance and harmlessness to environment, microbial flocculants have drown more and more attentions and become front line of investigation. This paper summarized a series of basic research and development on preparation of microbial flocculant. The isolation of flocculant-producing bacterium, optimization of culture condition for flocculant production, the composition, characteristics and flocculation mechanism of the microbial flocculant were studied and discussed systematically. The main contents of the research and the results are as follows: For the screening of microbial flocculant-producing microorganism, suspensions from activated sludge from wastewater treatment plant and soil solution were cultivated in given media with Kaolin clay suspension as the test sample for flocculating activity. A flocculant-producing bacterium isolated from soil was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa BY-28. Culture medium and conditions for flocculant production were optimized on the basis of original screening culture medium. Under the optimal culture conditions, Paenibacillus polymyxa BY-28 synthesized intracellularly and excreted extracellularly viscous flocculant in short time. The yield reached 3.5g/L. The microbial flocculant produced under optimal culture conditions was purified. Studies on the composition of the microbial flocculant and factors that affect efficiency of flocculation showed that the flocculant was mainly composed of polysaccharides, and was soft acidic in aqueous solution. The flocculant could efficiently aggregate Kaolin clay in aqueous solution under neutral and soft alkaline condition. The measurement of Zeta-potential change of Kaolin clay particles during flocculation process demonstrated that the dominant role of microbial flocculant is based on the bridging mechanism. The results of application studies indicated that the microbial flocculant produced by BY-28 had the ability to flocculate various colloid granule and organic waste product in various wastewaters. Especially, it was suitable for flocculation and purification process in food and fermentation industries. The microbial flocculant also could intensively adsorb heavy metal Pb~(2+) and Cr~(6+). 5 In order to reduce cost of media, the strain Paenibacillus polymyxa BY-28 was cultivated in various wastewater from food production and selected favorable wastewater as medium for flocculant production. The results showed that the strain BY-28 could rapidly grow and reproduce well in fishmeal wastewater, at the same it also synthesized intracellularly and excreted extracellularly flocculant, which provided technical and economic feasibility for further production of microbial flocculant on pilot-scale. |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/34940]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_环境水质学国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 宫小燕. 微生物絮凝剂的研制和应用[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2002. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：生态环境研究中心
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