滇东北永善越冬黑颈鹤（Grus nigricillis）山坡型夜栖地选择
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 卢光义 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2014-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 杨晓君 |
| 关键词 | 黑颈鹤 夜栖地 山坡型 行为可塑性 |
| 其他题名 | Roost on mountain slope: an atypical winter nocturnal Roost site use by Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) in northeast Yunnan, China |
| 学位专业 | 动物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 黑颈鹤是典型的湿地涉禽，之前关于黑颈鹤夜栖地的报道大都是在浅水湿地中。我们发现在滇东北的永善，占黑颈鹤东部越冬种群1/8的黑颈鹤夜栖于山坡上，与其他越冬地黑颈鹤的夜栖地利用明显不同，也不同于鹤科其他鹤类。本研究描述了滇东北永善县的反常的黑颈鹤山坡型夜栖地利用生境，黑颈鹤山坡型夜栖地偏好灌丛和梯田草地。为了解这种特殊夜栖地利用的适应性，以及如何保护管理这种特殊的生境利用。我们用二项分布的一般线性方程来比较夜栖地和对照点，AICc和AICc模型权重来选择模型，模型平均找到影响黑颈鹤山坡型夜栖地选择的因素。模型平均结果显示坡度、坡位、距道路距离和距村庄距离显著影响黑颈鹤山坡型夜栖地选择。此外黑颈鹤还会根据天气风向调整其夜栖地的坡向，使自己位于背风面。和湿地型夜栖地相比，山坡型夜栖地同样具有安全、保存热量和回避干扰的功能。 尽管这种行为可塑性对在缺水环境夜栖有一定的适应性，它也使得黑颈鹤饮水的选择压力变大。但是本研究并没有山坡夜栖的适合度结果，这种对环境变化的短期调整是否有利仍然未知。参照同样在山坡夜栖的寻甸越冬黑颈鹤种群急剧下降的历史，永善越冬黑颈鹤种群急需保护管理。 保护管理方面应禁止在溪谷沼泽湿地挖泥炭和放牧，以保护黑颈鹤的日间休息地和饮水地。禁止在夜栖地及其周围放牧，以免对黑颈鹤造成干扰。在黑颈鹤潜在夜栖地改退耕还林为退耕还草，为黑颈鹤提供适宜的夜栖生境。为了解这种夜栖地选择的适合度，需要长期监测当地黑颈鹤的种群动态。需要建立保护区以实施和协调保护管理。 |
| 英文摘要 | Black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis) is a typical wetland bird, and almost all former reports of nocturnal roost sites by this species are in wetland. However we found Black-necked Cranes in Yongshan County northeast Yunnan China, which accounted for one eighth of the east wintering population, roosted on mountain slope. This roost site use was clearly different from Black-necked Cranes in other wintering places, as well as other crane species in carne family (Gruidae).We described the atypical nocturnal roost site use by Black-necked Cranes, Black-necked crane roost site use preferred shrub and terrace grassland. In order to understand the adaptation of this special roost site use, and how to manage this special roost site, we studied the roost site use by Black-necked Crane in Yongshan. We used binomial distribution general linear model to compare habitat use versus unused, AICc and AICc model weight to select model, and model average to find factors influence roost site selection. Model averaged result suggested that slope, slope position, distance to road and distance to village influenced the roost site selection by Black-necked Crane, and cranes could adjust the roost aspect according to the wind. Roost site on mountain slope had adaption on safe, thermoregulation and disturbance avoidance just as roost site in shallow water. Though this behavioural plasticity adapted habitat without roost wetland, it led to novel selection pressure on water drinking. However this study didn’t consider the fitness of this roost site use, and whether these short-term adjustments are beneficial remain unknown. Based on the sharp decline history of Xundian Black-necked Crane population which roost on mountain slope also, population in Yongshan needs urgent protection. Digging peat and grazing should be forbidden in the brook valley marsh to protect the mid-day roost site and water drinking site. Grazing in and near roost sites should be forbidden to protect Black-neck Crane from disturbance. At the potential roost site, returning cropland to grassland is more advisable than returning cropland to forest. A long term population monitor is needed to understood the fitness of this roost site use. A nature reserve should be built to administrate and coordinate conservation management. |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.149.26:8080/handle/152453/10173]  |
| 专题 | 昆明动物研究所_鸟类学 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 卢光义. 滇东北永善越冬黑颈鹤（Grus nigricillis）山坡型夜栖地选择[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2014. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明动物研究所
浏览0
下载0
收藏0
其他版本
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。