云贵高原上黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis)的种群结构及其迁徙相关性
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 安萌茵 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2012-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 杨晓君 |
| 关键词 | 迁徙相关性 性别偏移扩散 种群遗传结构 内部标记 微卫星DNA 黑颈鹤 |
| 其他题名 | The impact of migratory connectivity on the population structure of a sole endemic alpine crane Grus nigricollis |
| 学位专业 | 动物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 通过对在云贵高原上越冬的117个黑颈鹤个体的17个微卫星位点进行的基因分型(genotyping)，发现云贵高原上的两个黑颈鹤越冬种群间有显著的分化(FST=0.19)。并且黑颈鹤越冬种群的遗传结构与其地理分布基本相吻合。从而推测在黑颈鹤的越冬和繁殖地点之间有着较强的迁徙连接性。并由种群分配分析中得出，黑颈鹤为雌性偏倚扩散的鹤类。 黑颈鹤的种群遗传结构显示这种鹤类具有较强的迁徙连接性，这与之前环志以及卫星跟踪的数据结果相符合。这种较强的迁徙连接性可以由其越冬地的由东至西的分布模式以及环境异质性来解释。此外，野外所观察到的黑颈鹤的越冬配对行为也在一定程度上造成了各个越冬种群之间的基因流障碍。对于这种迁徙连接性较强的物种来说，在保护上是相对易于管理的。但是由于黑颈鹤种群之间的分化，损失掉的任何一个种群对这个物种来说都是遗传多样性的损失。同时由于黑颈鹤对地方特殊环境的适应，以及迁徙路线停歇地的固定性也导致了黑颈鹤在面对环境变异，如全球变暖，时的易受攻击的脆弱性。所以要对其各个种群进行长期的检测，避免由于栖息地丧失等人为干扰导致其遗传多样性的丧失。 |
| 英文摘要 | Background-Understanding the connectivity between breeding and nonbreeding populations and demographic population structure of migratory birds are fundamental to manage population dynamics of species with conservation concerns. However, these issues are highly challenging for species living in remote highland such as Black-necked Cranes Grus nigricollis that are highly mobile and distribute in scattering wetlands during breeding season on the Tibetan Plateau. With the banding, satellite and Geo Locator tracking data, my results would provide the information to set the management units (MUs) for conservation of the black-necked crane. Here, we applied an individual-based genetic approach to investigate population genetic structure of black-necked cranes at their wintering sites, the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. According to the banding and satellite tracking recorded, we can infer that the connectivity between the breeding population and wintering populations of the black-necked crane. Results-We genotyped 117 individuals with17 microsatellite loci and found that the two black-necked crane wintering populations on the Yunnan-guizhou Plateau were highly differentiated (FST=0.19). As the black-necked crane wintering population genetic structure mirrored their geographic localities, we inferred that there was a strong migratory connectivity between their wintering and breeding sites. Conclusion- This genetic pattern suggests that black-necked cranes have a strong migratory connectivity, which is consistent with banding and satellite tracking data and field observations. However, strong barriers to gene flow, which cause the strong migratory connectivity, were detected coincided with profound changes in environmental characteristics and isolated. Further more, the wintering mating behavior, observed in the field, can also inhibit gene flow between wintering populations. It is easy, somehow, to set the management units for black-necked cranes. However, black-necked cranes, with soundly adaption to their environment and migratory route or stop-over sites, are likely to intensify with prediction that global warming. For the loss of one population means the loss of the species’ genetic variation. Thus, it is need long-term monitoring to make sure that the genetic variation of black-necked cranes is not declined for the loss of the habitat. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.149.26:8080/handle/152453/10212]  |
| 专题 | 昆明动物研究所_鸟类学 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 安萌茵. 云贵高原上黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis)的种群结构及其迁徙相关性[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2012. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明动物研究所
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