影响杜泊羊胚胎移植妊娠率和新生个体生长发育的因素：受体和移植季节
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 吴晓东 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2005-06 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 季维智 |
| 关键词 | 杜泊羊 胚胎移植 妊娠口率 生长发育 受体 季节 |
| 其他题名 | Factors Affecting Pregnancy Rate and Pre-weaning Development of Dorper from Embryo Transfer: Recipient and Season |
| 中文摘要 | 胚胎移植具有加速家畜良种推广的潜力。胚胎移植能直接引入纯种动物，并且能避免直接进口动物时可能会带来一些较大传染病（例如口蹄疫）的风险，因此具有成本低、安全性高、直接引入良种的特点。但是胚胎移植的成功率可能会受到很多因素的影响。这些因素可归纳为三个方面：胚胎因素；胚胎和受体的相互作用；受体因素。另一方面，胚胎移植目的是为了获得优秀生产性能的良种个体，但是出生的后代的生长发育情况也会和很多因素有关，例如出生大小、当地气候条件、饲养条件和胚胎移植季节等。因此，研究影响胚胎移植妊娠率以及出生后代生长发育的因素对胚胎移植在生产中的应用有重要意义。杜泊羊作为一种肉用绵羊，品种优良，经济价值很高，被认为应予以积极推广。用胚胎工程对杜泊羊进行推广可能是一个较好的办法。绵羊胚胎工程近年来已经取得了较大进展，例如超数排卵、体外胚胎生产、胚胎冷冻和胚胎移植的研究都取得了一系列的成果。在影响绵羊胚胎移植效果的具体因素中，已有一些关于不同胚胎移植数目、胚龄、冻胚和鲜胚、胚胎移植方法等报道，但是受体品种对杜泊羊的胚胎移植的研究还未见报道，季节对杜泊羊胚胎移植的影响的研究结果也不一致。因此本实验应用质量稳定的胚胎，采用单胚移植，以移植的妊娠率为指标，研究了受体品种和季节因素对杜泊羊冷冻胚胎移植成功率影响，结果发现在三个不同品种的受体中，胚胎移植妊娠率无显著差异（P＞0．05）；但是季节对胚胎移植成功率有显著影响，秋季移植妊娠率（68.6％）显著高于春季（58.5％，P＜0.05）。在山羊等其他动物的研究中表明，受体情况不影响胚胎移植出生的后代的生长发育。本实验以羔羊的出生重、1个月体重和断乳时（2个月时）体重为指标，分析了受体体重和季节对胚胎移植出生杜泊羊羔羊的早期生长发育的影响，结果表明，不同体重的受体会影响羔羊的出生重（P＜0.05），即体重较大的受体出生的羔羊的体重也较大，但经过两个月的哺乳期生长后，羔羊的生长发育情况已无明显差异（P＞0.05）。有研究表明羔羊早期的生长发育情况和外界条件有关。不同季节进行胚胎移植，羔羊出生时间也不同。因此，实验研究了不同季节对胚胎移植出生羔羊早期生长发育的影响。结果发现，季节显著影响了羔羊的生长发育，春季和秋季移植出生的羔羊在出生重方面差异不显著（P＞0.05），但春季移植出生的羔羊的后来的生长情况要明显好于秋季（P＜0.05）。 |
| 英文摘要 | Embryo transfer (ET) has potential to increase rates of genetic improvement in domestic farm animals. Embryo transfer provided the purebred animals, and could avoid the risk of infectious diseases such as foot and mouth disease in the event of importing animals directly. ET was safe in the movement of germplasm, and also has the advantages of a low cost in getting purebred animals. However, the success of embryo transfer depended on factors associate with the embryo, the recipient and the interaction among factors of the embryo and recipient. On the other hand, the primary use of embryo transfer in domestic animals has been to amplify reproductive rates of valuable females, and the growth performance of the purebred offspring from embryo transfer was very important to evaluate the effect of embryo transfer/Development of the offspring was associated with environmental factors such as litter size, rearing condition and transfer season. Therefore, it is important to study the factors affecting pregnancy rate and development of the offspring from embryo transfer for the better realization of embryo transfer to commercial production. With a high merit for productivity provide both meat and skins, Dorper flocks should receive high priority. Embryo engineer was regarded as a useful method to amplify Dorper sheep. Considerable advances have been made in the last several years in the sheep embryo engineer, including superovulation, in vitro production, embryo frozen and transfer technology. As far as the factors affecting pregnancy rate of the embryo transfer, some reports indicated that number of transferred embryos, stage of the embryos, frozen and fresh embryos, methods for transfer affected the pregnancy rates of embryo transfer. However, there is still no study has been performed to check the effect of recipient breeds on embryo transfer of Doiper, meanwhile, the conclusions of the effect of season on embryo transfer are conflicting. The present study examines the effect of recipient breed and season on the embryo transfer of Dorper, only 1 embryo was transferred to each recipient. Pregnancy rate was used as measurement to evaluate the effect on embryo transfer. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the three recipient breeds (P>0.G5), while significant difference was found in the transfer season (PO.05), embryo transferred in fall got a higher pregnancy rate (68.6%) than spring (58.5%). Several reports in other animals including goats showed that recipient did not affect the development of the offspring form embryo transfer. This study examines the effect of the recipient weight on the pre-weaning development of the offspring by analysis the birth weigh, 1 month weight and 2 month weight (weaning weight). The results showed that recipient weight was related to birth weight of the offspring (PO.05), big recipients always born big kids, but the weights were not found significant difference between the two recipient groups two months later. The development of lambs was associated to the environmental factors, lambs was born in early spring if the embryos were transferred in fall and bom in fall if transferred in spring. The present study examines the effect of transfer season on development of the offspring, the results showed that season significantly affected the development of the new kids, there was no significant difference in the birth weight between the two groups (P>0.05), while significantly difference was found in the next development (P<0.05). |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-10-15 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.149.42:8088/handle/152453/6166]  |
| 专题 | 昆明动物研究所_生殖与发育生物学 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 吴晓东. 影响杜泊羊胚胎移植妊娠率和新生个体生长发育的因素：受体和移植季节[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2005. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明动物研究所
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