中国科学院机构知识库网格
Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid
锄足蟾总科两栖类系统演化研究

文献类型:学位论文

作者饶定齐
学位类别博士
答辩日期2005-06
授予单位中国科学院研究生院
授予地点北京
导师杨君兴 ; 杨大同
关键词锄足蟾总科 两栖类 系统演化
其他题名The Study on the Phylogenetic Relationship of Pelobatidea
学位专业动物学
中文摘要以线粒体DNA的16S、ND4和细胞色素B三个基因片段的为测序和计算的对象,对锄足蟾总科Pelobatidea的角蟾科Megophryidae、锄足蟾科Pelobatidae、掘足蟾科Scaphiopidae和合跗蟾科Pelodytidae这4个科现生的所有属(除小臂蟾属Leptobrachella外)和绝大部分物种进行了分子系统学研究。综合的研究结果表明,4个科在系统演化上都各自形成独立的支系,证明了目前形态分类系统的合理性。其亲缘关系的顺序依次是:东南亚的角蟾科与欧洲、西亚和非洲西北部的锄足蟾科最近,然后二者与欧洲的另一个科合跗蟾科相聚,最后与北美洲的掘足蟾科相聚。分化的先后为:掘足蟾科最先分化出来,然后是合跗蟾科,再后为锄足蟾科,最后为角蟾科。角蟾科的两个亚科(角蟾亚科Megophryinae和拟髭蟾亚科Leptobrachiinae)在系统演化上也分别形成各自的支系,证明国内对亚科的划分是合理的。这两个亚科虽然大部分为同域分布,但分别向不同的方向独立演化。对属间系统演化关系的研究表明,锄足蟾科为单属、合跗蟾科为单属,掘足蟾科为2属(掘足蟾属Scaphiopus和旱掘蟾属Spea),均为有效属,但角蟾科原来划分的几个属的分类地位需要调整。本研究从整体上对这些属的分子系统演化关系进行了分析和讨论,并对各主要科属的种间分子系统演化关系进行了分析。通过本次实验, 我在角蟾亚科的属种分化和拟髭蟾亚科各属的属间和属内系统演化关系的研究方面,提出了一些新的认识。 上述该分子系统研究还参照了形态学系统发育的研究和核型的比较研究。并根据地质、地理、气候和生态环境及物种习性的有关资料对该类群的系统演化过程和机理进行了分析和讨论。
英文摘要Mitochondiral gene fragments of 16S、ND4 and Cyt b were sequenced in all living genus (excluding the genus of Leptobrachella) of four families (including Megophryidae、Pelobatidae、Scaphiopidae and Pelodytidae) of Pelobatidea, and used to analyze phylogenetic relationships among these species. Bayesian analysis was performed on the DNA data set. The sequence anlysis results revealed that ⑴ the genera and species that respectively belong to the four families are allocated separately to the four groups (clades) corresponding to each of the four families,and it indicated that the current morphological taxonomic system of this superfamily is valid. ⑵ species in our study can roughly be sorted into two major clades: Clade A includes the species of family Scaphiopidae, Clade B includes the species of family Pelodytidae、Pelobatidae and Megophryidae. The clade B is subdivided into two subclades, one is Pelodytidae, and the other is consisted of Pelobatidae and Megophryidae. ⑶ The two subfamilies of Megophryidae,Megophryinae and Leptobrachiinae,are monophyletic respectively, indicated that the evolution of the two subfamilies is independent though they are mostly sympatric. ⑷ the relationship between the genera indicated that both Pelobatidae and Pelodytidae have only one genus respectively, and Scaphiopidae has two genus (Scaphiopus and Spea), but the positions of the genera of Megophryidae need to be adjusted. ⑸ It is notable that the study has greatly increased our knowledgement on the relathionship, classification of genera and species of Megophryinae and Leptobrachiinae. We also compared the morphological and karyotype phylogeny and discussed the process and mechanism based on geology、geography、climate、ecology environment and habit.
语种中文
公开日期2010-10-15
源URL[http://159.226.149.42:8088/handle/152453/6160]  
专题昆明动物研究所_兽类生态与进化
昆明动物研究所_系统进化与生物地理学
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
饶定齐. 锄足蟾总科两栖类系统演化研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2005.

入库方式: OAI收割

来源:昆明动物研究所

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