鼩猬（Neotetracus sinensis）系统发育地位与谱系地理学研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 陈俭海 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2011-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 蒋学龙 |
| 关键词 | 鼩猬 分类 系统发育 谱系地理 扩散 |
| 其他题名 | Phylogenetic status and phylogeography of Neotetracus sinensis in southwest China |
| 学位专业 | 动物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 中国西南横断山系及其周边地区频繁的造山运动、多样的水系变迁造就了复杂地形地貌，外加地质构造背景下全球气候变化的多重影响，复杂的物种扩散-隔离（dispersal- vicariance）事件得以不断累积，形成现今的物种遗传地理格局。大体南北走向的山脊河谷以及高度异质的地理景观极易成独特的物种遗传断裂带，从而造就复杂的种群动态和丰富的种群结构。因此，该地区是研究物种水平和种群水平遗传分化、遗传多样性的理想地理系统。 鼩猬（Neotetracus sinensis）是一类主要栖息于横断山区及周边地区湿润森林的小型哺乳动物。研究其系统发育和分子谱系地理对于揭示横断山系及其周边地区物种分化和遗传多样性成因具有重要意义。本研究采用了两个遗传路径的分子序列数据，包括60条线粒体联合数据集（12S+ND2+cyt_b）、189条线粒体cyt_b基因序列、13个BRCA1核基因、71个APOB核基因。分析方法运用了系统进化时空分析、三维谱系地理分析、中介网络分析、景观遗传分析、种群遗传分析等手段，从多个角度研究分析了中国西南地区鼩猬的系统进化关系、谱系地理结构和种群遗传历史等。在系统关系方面，鼩猬属（Neotetracus）和毛猬属（Hylomys）的亲缘关系较远，而与海南新毛猬（Neohylomys）关系较近。在谱系地理关系方面，中国西南地区鼩猬可以分为3大谱系(滇西谱系、滇中南谱系和川西谱系)和若干亚谱系。分子钟分析表明鼩猬属、中国西南地区鼩猬3大谱系及亚谱系进化和地质历史、气候变迁、地理异质性关系密切。基于谱系关系、遗传距离等我们支持滇西亚种（N. sinensis cuttingii）、川西亚种（N. sinensis sinensis）和滇中亚种（N. sinensis hypolineatus）的分类地位，而不支持贡山亚种（N. sinensis gongshanensis）的分类地位。但是基于谱系关系、分子钟及遗传距离等，我们认为鼩猬的三大谱系分别作为三个独立种可能更为合适。空间进化分析表明，中国西南地区鼩猬的进化是以滇西为中心的扩散模式。三维系统（谱系）地理分析表明，三大谱系及其亚谱系基本呈现东西隔离、南北延伸的特点。中介网络分析表明川西谱系可能是鼩猬北上形成的，而滇西谱系则共享了祖先进化历史。景观遗传分析表明三大谱系之间均有不同程度的遗传断裂，其中滇西谱系和滇中南谱系之间的遗传断裂最突出。种群遗传分子变异分析推测现代水系可能经历过改道或其他变迁。种群动态分析显示滇西谱系呈现明显近期种群扩张态势，说明高黎贡山西部地区可能是第四纪冰期种群退缩的避难所，现在的谱系同域分布是由于冰期后谱系间二次接触而成。 |
| 英文摘要 | The current phylogeographical patterns of small mammal species in the Hengduan Mountains and adjacent areas, south-western China, was shaped by dispersal-vicariance events on the context of frequently orogenetic movements, palaeodrainage basins changes, paleoclimate oscillations and even drastically complex topology. Historically, distinctive genetics discontinuity, population dynamic and structure are formed among roughly north-south ridges and valleys with highly heterogeneous geographical landscape. In the comprehensive perspective, it is an ideal area to investigate genetic differentiation, diversification of species and populations, and adaptation. The Shrew Gymnure (Neotetracus sinensis) is a small mammal species inhibiting moist forests in the Hengduan Mountains and adjacent areas. The exploration of its phylogeny and phylogeography are very important for revealing causes beneath species differentiation and genetic diversity in this area. In this study, markers from two different modes of inheritance were used, including 60 mtDNA data set (12S+ND2+cyt_b), 189 mtDNA cyt_b, 13 nuDNA BRCA1 and 71 nuDNA APOB. Some skills like spatial-temporal phylogeny analysis, three dimensional phylogeography analysis, median-jion network analysis, landscape genetic and population genetic analysis were used to unveil evolutionary relationship and phylogeography and historical population genetics. With regard to evolutionary relationships, Neotetracus is closer to Neohylomys rather than Hylomys. About phylogeography, the N. sinensis in the Hengduan Mountains and adjacent areas were genetically grouped into 3 lineages (western Yunnan, central and southern Yunnan and western Sichuan) and several sub- lineages. Molecular clock showed that evolution of N. sinensis accompanied orogenetic movements, palaeodrainage basins changes, paleoclimate oscillations and Geographic heterogeneity. Based on phylogenetic relationship and genetic distance, we support sub-species status of N. sinensis cuttingi, N. sinensis sinensis and N. sinensis hypolineatus, except that of N. sinensis gongshanensis. However, considering phylogenetic relationship, molecular clock and genetic distance, the independent species status of lineages in western Yunnan, central and southern Yunnan and western Sichuan are are preferred support. Spatial evolution analysis showed that western Yunnan is dispersal center. Three dimensional analysis showed that lineages and sub-lineages are differentiate from west to east, and extent from north to south. Median-jion network indicates that western Sichuan lineage maybe derived south of Sichuan, and western lineage has shared the history of ancestor. Genetic discontinuity among 3 lineages, especially between western Yunnan lineage and central and southern Yunnan lineage, were observed through landscape genetic analysis. Paleodrainage patterns changes were indicated by AMOVA(Analysis of Molecular Variance). Recent population expansion was observed from historical population dynamic analysis, and thus we speculated that western of Gaoligong shan mountain maybe the refugia for N. sinensis in Quaternary glaciation, and second contact was happened to form current distribution range. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-04-23 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.149.42:8088/handle/152453/7375]  |
| 专题 | 昆明动物研究所_兽类生态与进化 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 陈俭海. 鼩猬（Neotetracus sinensis）系统发育地位与谱系地理学研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2011. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明动物研究所
浏览0
下载0
收藏0
其他版本
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。