摘要：个体主义的测量方法主要有三类:自我报告法、内隐测量和心外之物(outside the head)的客观测量指标。前两种被称为经典的测量方法,第三种方法是通过测量客观实在的、具有文化特征的产品,简称文化产品(cultural products)来评估个体主义的水平,这可以作为研究文化差异和文化动力学的补充方法。其理论基础在于,文化产品可以作为人被文化塑造的一个明证。 

【Abstract】 Three general approaches were usually used by researchers to measure individualism and they were self-re⁃port, implicit study and tangible cultural products outside the head. The former two ways were empirical measures. The Cultural products were defined as tangible, shared representations of culture. The theory basis could be illustrated that cultural products are therefore one manifestation of the person-shaped culture.