Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are two typical persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that are widely distributed in the environment. PCDD/Fs are principally as by-product of anthropogenic activities, in particular the manufacture and use of organochlorine chemicals and combustion processes, which, especially the 2, 3, 7, 8-substituted congeners, are among the most hazardous environmental pollutants. PCDD/Fs are chemically stable, persistent, hydrophobic organic chemicals and could be biomagnified through the food chain, causing potential risk to high trophic level wildlife and humans. TCDD has been classified as a class-A carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer and is established as a promoter for certain tumors including liver and skin. In this thesis, the PCDD/Fs and PCBs in the air and soil samples collected seasonally from Tianjin typical area were analyzed by using isotope dilution-high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry method,. Our research work are presented as follows： Firstly，air samples collected during the heating and non-heating seasons were studied by using PUF passive air samplers. The air concentrations of PCDD/Fs were 108 – 8.19×103 fg m-3 and the I-TEQs were 4.08 – 325 fg I-TEQ m-3。ΣPCBs concentrations ranged from3.08×104 – 3.01×105 pg m-3 and the I-TEQ values were 1.72 – 49.6 fg I-TEQ m-3. The pollution levels were comparable or slightly higher than other urban cities around the world. Pollution pattern of PCDD/Fs was accordant with the typical “source” characteristics. The levels of PCDFs were higher than those of PCDDs obviously, and the PCDD/Fs in winter were higher than those in summer. This suggested that the primary local source of PCDD/Fs originated from combustion in winter, while there wasn’t obvousely seasonal change with the levels of PCBs. In addition, inhalation risk evaluation indicates that the risk to inhabitant’s health was greater for people lived in the source area than those in the living area, industrial area and background area, which should be paid more attention. Secondly, air samples in winter and summer were also collected by using high volume air samplers. The results showed that I-TEQ levels were 14.2 – 172 fg I-TEQ m-3 and 89.8 – 1.01×103 fg I-TEQ m-3 in summer and winter respectively. It was found that the PCDD/F level showed gradient distribution: E-waste dismantling region > coastal industrial zone > city living area > the background area. The toxic coplanar PCBs and the six indicator PCBs (PCB-28, PCB-52, PCB-101, PCB -138, PCB -152, PCB -180) were detected, but there was no evidently seasonal change observed for total PCBs. Compared with other countries and regions, the pollution of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in Tianjin area was comparable to that in some cities in China, but a little higher than those reported in the north American and European countries.