以江河源区为案例地,结合超效率DEA和Malmquist DEA模型考察高寒草地畜牧业生态效率时空变化,并分析其影响因素.结果表明:生态效率空间差异明显.2013年玉树、称多和囊谦超效率值较高,达日、玛多和唐古拉山镇超效率值较低,其他各县生态效率水平介于两者之间.生态效率动态变化可以划分3个阶段,1994-2002年为平稳上升阶段,2003-2006年为分化阶段,2007-2013年为急剧上升阶段.生态效率上升主要源于技术进步和规模效率提升,资本、降水和劳动力则是主要影响因素.需加大科技投入,提高技术和管理水平,提高劳动者素质;加强草原水利设施、人工草地和畜棚建设;加强草地生态和冻土保护,并完善畜牧业发展政策. 更多还原
 

Taking the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers as case and using both super-efficiency DEA and Malmquist DEA models, spatiotemporal changes in the eco-efficiency of grassland-based animal husbandry and its determinants were analysed. The results showed that there was a significant spatial difference in the eco-efficiency. In 2013, Yushu City, Chengduo County and Nangqian County experienced relatively high the super-efficiency, while Dari County, Maduo County and Tanggulashan Town were relatively low the super-efficiency. Based on the changes in space and time, the eco-efficiency was divided into three sequential stages:a steadily rising stage during the period 1994~2002, a differentiating stage during the period 2003~2006, and a rapidly rising stage during the period 2007~2013. It was further demonstrated that the eco-efficiency depended heavily on the technological progress and scale efficiency. And capital, precipitation and labor force were the determinants of the eco-efficiency. Therefore, increasing investment in science and technology; improving the technological and management level and labor quality; constructing water conservancy facilities, pastureland and livestock shelter; strengthening the protection of grassland ecosystem and frozen soil, will be most effective in the long term when they are complemented by appropriate public policies.