生物多样性保护与减贫视角下的贵州生态扶贫策略研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 金世超 |
| 学位类别 | 博士后 |
| 答辩日期 | 2016-12 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 赵景柱 |
| 关键词 | 生物多样性保护，减贫，生态扶贫，对策 biodiversity conservation poverty alleviation ecological poverty alleviation strategies. |
| 其他题名 | Ecological Strategies of Poverty Alleviation in Guizhou Province from the Perspective of Biodiversity Conservation and Poverty Reduction |
| 学位专业 | 生态学 |
| 中文摘要 | 生物多样性和贫困是全球关注的热点议题之一。近年来，生物多样性保护与贫困地区区域整体协调发展越来越受到社会各界的关注。贵州省是全国脱贫任务最重的省份之一，其贫困人口量多面广。贵州省也是我国生物多样性极其丰富的省份之一，但由于过度开发利用、生存环境破坏等原因，生物多样性受到严重威胁，面临着资源环境保护与区域社会经济发展矛盾突出的问题。本文从生物多样性保护与减贫的视角下，开展贵州省实施生态扶贫的相关研究，探索贵州省破解制约贫困人口发展瓶颈、守住发展与生态两条底线、确保在既定的时间节点实现脱贫目标的途径，为贵州省解决区域性整体贫困、加快生态文明建设、实现可持续发展提供对策建议。研究主要结论如下： （1）贵州省是我国贫困程度最深的西部省份之一，全省88个县级行政单元中有65个位于集中连片特殊困难地区，有50个是国家扶贫开发重点县。贫困地区覆盖范围广、贫困人口多、贫困程度深、返贫比例高、脱贫任务重，对资源环境的依存度高。 （2）贵州省生物多样性极其丰富，是珍稀濒危物种天然集中分布区，是研究中国生物物种特有属、种的关键地区之一，有27个县级行政单元位于国家生物多样性保护优先区，有25个县级行政单元位于国家重点生态功能区。 （3）生物多样性保护与扶贫开发之间是对立统一的关系。贵州省生态保护与扶贫开发既相互促进，又相互制约。贫困的重点区域与生物多样性保护的重要区域存在高度耦合。 （4）实施生态扶贫战略是实现贵州省生物多样性保护与减贫脱贫双重目标的最佳途径。贵州省实施生态扶贫的对策建议包括：做好扶贫顶层设计；大力发展生态产业；加强基础设施建设；注重提升人口素质；推进生态移民工程；建立完善生态扶贫的长效机制等。 |
| 英文摘要 | Biodiversity and poverty are two hot issues that attract global concerns. In the past few years, regional simultaneous development between biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation, has been paid more and more attention from all walks of life. Guizhou Province is one of the most stressful provinces to poverty alleviation in China because of its large poverty population and wide distribution. Guizhou Province is also one of the provinces with the most abundant biodiversity. As the result of excessive development and utilization, damaged environment, etc,biodiversity is confronting severe threat. Additionally, the obvious contradiction between resource and environment protection and social and economic development is still existing in Guizhouprovince. From the perspectives of biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation, this research focuses on the ecological civilization of Guizhou Province, explores a way to break the bottleneck that constrains the development of impoverish community, defends two baselines of development and ecology, finds anapproach to achieve the aim of getting rid of poverty, and makes suggestions for Guizhou Province to solve the problem of regional poverty, impel the construction of ecological civilization, and achieve the sustainable development. The following are the conclusions of this research: (1)Guizhou Province is one of the most impoverish provinces in the western part of China. 65 out of 88 administrative counties are located in the concentrated continuous poverty area. 50 out of 88 administrative counties are the major poverty-relief counties at national level. Impoverish area highly relies on resources and environment because of the wide coverage, large population, deep level of poverty, and high percentage of returning the state of being poor. (2) Guizhou Province has extremely abundant biodiversity. It is the natural concentrated distribution area of rare and endangered species. It is one of the crucial areas to study Chinese endemic genus and species. There are 27 administrative counties locating in the priority area for biodiversity conservation and 25 administrative counties locating national major ecological function area. (3) The relation between biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation are both opposite and unified in Guizhou Province. Ecological protection and poverty alleviation not only contribute to each other, but also restrain each other. Major poverty area and major biodiversity conservation area are highly overlapped. (4) Implementing ecological poverty-alleviation strategy is the best approach to achieve the goals of biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation. The suggestions for Guizhou province to achieve ecological poverty alleviation include: complete the top design of poverty relief; develop ecological agriculture; improve infrastructure; enhance population quality; impel ecological immigration project; establish the long-effect mechanism of ecological poverty alleviation. |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/36872]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_城市与区域生态国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 金世超. 生物多样性保护与减贫视角下的贵州生态扶贫策略研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2016. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：生态环境研究中心
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