城市产业生态系统特征及其可持续性演进研究：以北京市为例
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 赵秋叶 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2016-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 施晓清 |
| 关键词 | 城市产业生态系统，特征，产业共生网络，城市产业生态系统可持续发 展评价指标体系，演进 Urban industrial ecological network, characteristic, industrial symbiosis network, Urban industrial ecological system’s sustainable development capacity assesement indicator system, Evolution |
| 其他题名 | Characteristic and Sustainable Development of Urban Industrial Ecosystem: A case Study of Beijing |
| 学位专业 | 生态学 |
| 中文摘要 | 传统产业资源和能源的高消耗、低效率、环境污染严重的发展模式是城市可持续发展的瓶颈。解决资源流在时空上的阻滞和耗竭是解决问题的关键。产业生态系统发展规律对于产业转型升级至关重要，以产业生态系统视角切入研究是当前产业生态学的新方向。产业生态系统是指在一定区域内，产业组分以及环境组分之间通过物质交换、能量流动形成的有机统一整体。产业生态网络则是其各组分之间通过物质流等相互作用构成的生态关系的一种拓扑结构。为揭示产业生态系统物质流特性及其对系统发展的影响，提出针对产业生态网络特性及其可持续性发展演进规律的研究。 本文基于投入产出和生态网络方法构建城市产业生态网络，借鉴生态网络分析方法提出通过循环性、生态效率、上升性三类特征指标分析产业生态网络演进规律，从社会、经济及环境三方面构建了产业生态系统可持续发展评价指标体系。运用熵值法及相关性分析，以北京市为例实证研究了 2005-2014年城市产业生态系统的特征及其可持续性发展的演进规律，取得如下成果： （1 ）基于生态网络分析方法提出城市产业生态系统循环性、生态效率和上升性三个特征的定量分析方法。分析结果从指数分析：各年份循环指数（FCI）介于 0-1之间，从 2005的 0.34上升到 2012年的 0.39，表明产业系统的物质循环流量均小于直接流量；A/C指数介于 0.187-0.256，从 2005年的 0.187上升到 2012年的 0.256，表明正向可持续状态递进，但是离理论可持续发展状态（0.401）还有相当的距离；生态效率十年提高 2.4倍。在 2013年已经接近 1，到 2014年实现大于 1的水平，其生态效率已达到这十年间的最优的状态。 （2 ）基于静脉产业的理论识别产业共生网络，通过去掉共生网络特征值得变化揭示产业共生网络在完整的产业生态网络中所起的作用。根据分析结果，2007年、2010年和 2012年去掉产业共生网络的产业生态网络循环流量均小于完整的产业生态网络的循环流量值，因此 2007年、2010年和 2012年北京市产业共生网络对整个北京市产业生态网络的循环性有促进作用07年-12年去掉共生网络的产业生态网络的上升性值均小于完整网络的上升性值，因此 2007年、2010年和 2012年北京市产业共生网络对整个北京产业生态系统上升性有促进作用。 （3 ）构建基于社会、经济和环境三个维度的北京市产业生态网络可持续评价指标体系并通过熵值法进行评价。2005年-2014年北京市社会、经济和环境支持准则层可持续发展评价值随时间呈增加的趋势，社会进步准则层在此期间呈现波浪式上升的趋势，环境支持准则层评价值增幅最大，为 65%。总体上北京市产业生态系统可持续发展水平呈上升趋势，可分为三个阶段:2005-2006年为迅速上升期，年增幅为 14%；2006-2008年水平持平期，年增幅为 0.3%；2008-2014年为平稳增加期，年增幅为 4%。 （4 ）基于相关性分析分析北京市产业生态系统生态效率演进与可持续演进相关性。北京市产业生态系统的生态效率与可持续发展相关性系数为 0.927，显著性概率小于 0.01，因此两者存在极显著的高度相关关系；另外，生态效率与社会、经济、环境支持准则层可持续发展相关性系数分别是 0.763、0.928和 0.923，显著性概率分别小于 0.05、小于 0.01以及小于 0.01.因此，生态效率与经济和环境支持准则层可持续性存在极显著的高度相关关系；而与社会进步准则层可持续性存在显著的中度相关关系。 （5 ）基于趋势分析分析北京市产业生态系统循环性、上升性和可持续发展的趋势一致性。通过 A/C值表征的北京市产业生态系统可持续发展状况从 2005年到 2012年呈现上升的趋势，上升幅度为 37%，与 2005年-2012年通过北京市可持续发展评价指标体系得出的评价结果的上升幅度 36%近乎相等。 |
| 英文摘要 | Development pattern of consuming traditional industrial resources and energy in a low-efficiency way, polluting environment heavily is an obstacle to the sustainable development of city. It’s extremely important to solve the problem of resource block in time and space. The evolution of industrial ecosystem is extremely important for industrial transformation and industrial update, and it is also a frontier direction of industrial ecology. Industrial ecosystem is an organism as an analogue of biological ecosystem conduct activities of material exchange and energy flow between different industries and environment in a certain area. In such a system the consumption of energy and materials is optimized, waste generation is minimized and the effluents of one process serve as the raw material of another process. Industrial ecological network is a topological structural network consisted of different components’ecological relationship such as material relationship or energetic relationship etc. In order to explore the influence of material flow between different compartments to the development of the system, this paper came up with the evolution tendency research of industrial ecological network’s characteristics and its sustainable development capacity. In this paper, we constructed physical urban industrial ecological network based on input-output analysis. Based on ecological network analysis method, three characteristics indicators ---roundput (Roundput serves to describe the condition of an industrial ecosystem as it suits the purpose of being opposite to the term ’throughput’,which is commonly used to illustrate the linear nature of the material flows in an industrial system; from raw materials, to products, to wastes.), eco-efficiency,ascendency were proposed to analyze the evolution of the urban industrial ecosystem. Next, we constructed sustainable development indicator system to assess urban industrial ecosystem’s sustainable capacity. Finally, we applied entropy evaluation method and correlation analysis method to study Beijing industrial ecosystem’s characteristics and sustainable development tendency from year 2005 to 2014. The main conclusions are as followings: (1) From the index analysis: The Finn cycling index (FCI) of each year is between 0 and 1, also, FCI value increased from 0.34 in 2005 to 0.39 in 2012, which indicated that the material cycling flow of industrial ecological system was smaller than the straight flow; A/C index ranged from 0.187 to 0.256, which showed that they are far from the theoretical value of sustainable development condition (0.401), and there are lots of work to do to improve the sustainable capacity of Beijing; Ecological efficiency has increased 2.4 times in ten years. It is close to 1 in 2013 and greater than one in 2014, which has reached the optimal state during the past ten years. (2)The cycling flow of industrial ecological network was removed industrial symbiosis network in 2007、2010 and 2012 smaller than the cycling flow of whole industrial ecological network, therefore, the symbiosis network in 2007、2010、2012 were positively influence the roundput of urban industrial ecological system. Also,due to the ascendency value of industrial ecological network removed industrial symbiosis network smaller than its counterpart, Beijing’s waste/by-product symbiosis network in 2007、2010 and 2012 are benefit to Beijing industrial ecological network’s Ascendency. (3)A rising tendency of sustainable assessment of societal subsystem、economic subsystem and environmental subsystem was presented from year 2005 to 2014.Environmental Subsystem has the highest increase extent (65%) among three subsystems. Moreover, Beijing industrial ecological system’s sustainable development capacity increased over the time, which could be divide into three phases by its annual growth rate: the assessment result of Beijing industrial ecosystem grow fast from year 2005 to 2006 and the annual growth rate was 14%; The assessment result stayed stable from year 2006 to 2008 and the annual growth rate was 0.3%; The assessment result increased steadily from year 2008 to 2014 and its annual growth rate was 4%. (4)The Pearson correlation coefficient between ecological efficiency and Beijing industrial ecological system’s sustainable capacity was 0.927, significance probability is smaller than 0.01, which means they were highly significant correlated with each other. Moreover, the Pearson correlation coefficient between ecological efficiency and societal subsystem、economic subsystem and environmental subsystem’s sustainable capacity was 0.763, 0.928 and 0.923, also, the significance probability are smaller than 0.05、0.01and 0.01, respectively. (5)The sustainable development situation characterized by A/C was increased 37% from 2005 to 2012, which is nearly the same with the assessment result (36%), by the sustainable indicator system. |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/37058]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_城市与区域生态国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 赵秋叶. 城市产业生态系统特征及其可持续性演进研究：以北京市为例[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2016. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：生态环境研究中心
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