南方某河流型水源腥臭味物质识别与控制研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 郭庆园 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2016-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 杨敏 ; 于建伟 |
| 关键词 | 腥臭味，嗅味物质识别，全二维气相色谱-高分辨飞行时间质谱，嗅味活性值，嗅味协同/抑制效应 Septic odor, Odorant identification, Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time of flight mass spectrometry, Odor activity value, Synergistic and suppressing effect |
| 其他题名 | Identification and control of septic odor causing compounds in a river-type source water of south China |
| 学位专业 | 环境工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 作为一种能够直接感受到的感官指标，近年来人们对于饮用水中―臭和味‖指标的关注度越来越高。河流型水源由于其开放性的水体特征，更易受到周边环境的影响，嗅味问题产生的原因更为复杂。相对于湖库型水源，国内外有关河流型水源中嗅味问题的研究相对较少。前期调查发现，南方某些河流型水源中常年存在腥臭味和土霉味，特别是腥臭味其原因物质及工艺处理效果不明。本论文以南方某河流型水源为主要对象，在建立基于感官气相色谱-全二维气相色谱质谱联用的复杂嗅味物质识别方法的基础上，开展了复杂嗅味物质的识别和定量分析、主要嗅味物质的评价以及水厂工艺处理效果等腥臭味物质的识别、定量及控制技术研究，为我国饮用水嗅味问题的有效管控提供依据和技术支持。本论文取得的主要研究成果总结如下： （1）建立了针对河流型水源复杂水质条件下的嗅味物质识别方法。建立了利用计算保留指数将感官气相色谱获得的嗅味峰（包括嗅味特征和保留时间）进行标记，利用全二维气相色谱高分辨飞行时间质谱对关联的嗅味峰进行物质解析，并利用标准物质对化合物及其嗅味特征进行进一步确认的嗅味物质识别方法。同时建立了一种基于液液萃取-全二维色谱分析的多种嗅味物质同时定量分析方法，共涵盖54种常见的特征嗅味物质，检出限均在相应物质的嗅阈值以下。 （2）识别出南方某河流型水源中的主要嗅味物质。对常年存在腥臭味（FPA 5~8级）和土霉味（FPA 4-7级）问题的该河流进行嗅味识别，共发现识别26种嗅味物质；通过嗅味活性指数比较，发现双（2-氯异丙基）醚、二甲基二硫醚、二乙基二硫醚等为腥臭味的主要原因物质，主要腥臭味物质之间具有一定的嗅味协同（增强）效应，主要土霉味物质对腥臭味具有明显的协同（增强）效应。 （3）评价了臭氧-生物活性炭（O3-BAC）深度处理工艺对复杂嗅味的控制效果。在臭氧投加量1.0mg/L条件下，O3-BAC工艺可以有效控制腥臭味、土霉味及不同浓度的主要嗅味物质双（2-氯异丙基）醚、二甲基二硫醚、二乙基二硫醚、土臭素和2-甲基异莰醇，然而沉淀工艺段出水中嗅味强度和主要嗅味物质浓度显著提高，表明有必要加强沉淀排泥管理。 本研究建立了有效的嗅味物质识别方法，并成功将该方法用于南方某河流型水源的腥臭味的识别，为饮用水嗅味的管理提供了有效的手段。 |
| 英文摘要 | In recent years, odors have been paid more and more attention in drinking water as the sensory index easily perceived by people. The reasons for odors in river-type source water are more complicated due to its open body of water features and surrounding environmental pollution. The research of odor problem in river-type source water is relatively less than that in lake, reservoir source water in China and abroad. In previous investigations, septic and musty odors were always existed in some river-type source waters of south China, but septic odor causing compounds and effect of water treatment processes on odor control were unclear. In this study, identification, quantitative analysis, odor evaluation and control technology of septic odorants in a river-type source water of south China were performed based on complex odorants identification method of combining the data from gas chromatography-olfactometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography, which would provide basis and technical support for managing and controling odor problems of drinking water effectively in China. The major research results were summarized and listed as follows: (1) Odorants identification method was established for river-type source water in complex water quality conditions. A novel method by combining the data from gas chromatography-olfactometry with mass spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) using retention indices was developed, and the identified odorant was confirmed by retention time, odor characteristic, etc. of anthentic standards. Meanwhile, the method of fifty-four odorants’ quantitative analysis simultaneously with different odor characteristics was developed based on liquid-liquid extraction and GC×GC-TOFMS, limit of detection for analyzed odorant was below its corresponding odor threshold concentration. (2) The major odorants in the river-type source water of south China were identified successfully. Totally, twenty-six odorants were identified and detected in this river suffering from septic (FPA intensity: 5~8) and musty (FPA intensity: 4~7) odors throughout the year. Bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether, diethyl disulfide and dimethyl disulfide were found to be major septic odorants according to odor activity value calculation, and synergistic effect for septic odor was appeared among these three odorants. Obviously, septic odor was strengthen when adding major musty odorants in septic odorant solution. (3) Control effect of O3-BAC on complex odors or odorants was evaluated. Septic odor, musty odor and major odorants, including bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl disulfide, geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol, at different concentrations were removed effectively by O3-BAC when O3 dose was 1.0 mg/L. However, odor intensity and major odorant concentration enhanced after sedimentation process, indicating that the sludge removal should be improved. Effective tool was provided for odor management in drinking water based on established novel odorant identification method, which was applied in identification of septic odorants in a river-type source water of south China successfully. |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/36798]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_环境水质学国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 郭庆园. 南方某河流型水源腥臭味物质识别与控制研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2016. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：生态环境研究中心
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