用于碳氮同时去除的制革废水处理组合工艺研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 于勇 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2016-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 田秉晖 |
| 关键词 | 制革废水 tannery wastewater 生化处理 biological treatment 深度处理 deep treatment 组合工艺 combined process 达标排放 discharge on standard |
| 其他题名 | Combined process for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and COD from tannery wastewater |
| 学位专业 | 环境工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 制革行业是我国轻工业中的支柱产业，同时也是一种高污染行业，其生产过程中产生的制革废水存在排放量大、成分复杂、污染物浓度高等问题，是我国环保治理的重点对象。目前，国内外主要采用氧化沟、SBR等工艺进行制革废水的处理，取得了较好的COD和总氮去除效果，但由于制革废水中COD和总氮的含量都非常高，上述工艺存在能耗高、COD和总氮难以实现达标排放的问题。为此，本课题通过实验室小试系统评价了厌氧消化、生物脱氮、深度处理等单元技术对于制革废水的处理效果，在此基础上，提出了以上流式厌氧污泥床（UASB）、上流式反硝化污泥床（UDNSB）、生物接触氧化为核心的生物处理组合工艺，同时结合深度处理技术，在现场进行了长达500天的中试验证研究。取得的主要成果如下： （1）研究发现，上流式厌氧污泥床（UASB）反应器可用于制革废水的预处理。对于COD浓度为2954±1977 mg/L的制革废水，UASB反应器在OLR与HRT分别为5.63 kgCOD/m3·d-1、11 h的条件下能稳定运行，COD去除率可以保持在55%左右，且出水中C/N＞4.6，无需外加碳源就能很好地满足后续反硝化脱氮的碳源需求。 （2）构建了由两级上流式反硝化污泥床（UDNSB）反应器和生物接触氧化池组成的生物脱氮处理系统，对于COD、TN、NH4+-N平均浓度分别为1265 mg/L、278 mg/L、209 mg/L的厌氧出水，在硝化液回流比R为300%，厌氧出水分流到一级和二级反硝化单元的分配比为9:1，且一级反硝化、好氧、二级反硝化单元的HRT分别为22 h、57 h、9 h的条件下，处理出水COD和TN的平均浓度分别为187 mg/L和35.7 mg/L，。 （3）实验证明，以UASB、二级UDNSB、生物接触氧化为核心的生化处理与以Fenton氧化和曝气生物滤池为核心的深度处理工艺组合，在总水力停留时间为111 h，进水COD、TN、NH4+-N浓度分别为2954±1977 mg/L、320±201 mg/L、231±103 mg/L的条件下，组合工艺对COD、TN、NH4+-N的去除率分别达97%、90%、98%以上，最终处理出水COD、TN、NH4+-N浓度分别为84.3±11.8 mg/L、31.8±1.9 mg/L、2.7±1.5 mg/L，达到了《制革及毛皮加工工业水污染物排放标准》（GB 30486-2013）直接排放的相关要求。 |
| 英文摘要 | Tanning industry is a pillar industry in China's light industry as well as a high-pollution industry. The tannery wastewater exists several problems such as large emissions, complex composition, and high concentration of pollutants. Tannery wastewater has become the key point of environmental governance in China. At present, for tannery wastewater treatment in domestic and overseas, oxidation ditch and SBR process are widely used to achieve good removal of COD and TN. However, limited by very high concentrations of COD and TN in water quality and quantity of tannery wastewater, the traditional tannery wastewater treatment process has problems of high energy consumption and COD and TN exceed discharge standard. To solve the above problems of conventional treatment processes, through small scale laboratory systems, this research evaluated the treatment effect of anaerobic digestion unit, biological nitrogen removal unit, and depth processing unit for tannery wastewater. On this basis, the research proposed the biological treatment combined process with up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), up-flow denitrification sludge bed (UDNSB), and biological contact oxidation pond. By on-site pilot scale test of 500 days, the biological treatment combined process and the selected depth processing technology were studied and tested. The main research achievements are as follows: (1) The study found that the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor can be used in the pretreatment of tannery wastewater. For tannery wastewater with COD of 2954±1977 mg/L, under the conditions of OLR of 5.63 kgCOD/m3•d-1 and HRT of 11h, the USAB reactor can run stably and the removal rate of COD can be maintained at around 55%; Moreover, C/N is more than 4.6 in the effluent water and carbon source demand is satisfied without external carbon source in the subsequent denitrification process. (2) The biological denitrification treatment system was constructed by the two-stage up-flow denitrification sludge blanket (UDNSB) and biological contact oxidation pond. For the anaerobic effluent with COD of 1265 mg/L, TN of 278 mg/L, and NH4+-N of 209 mg/L, under the conditions of reflux ratio (R) (300%), anaerobic effluent volume ratio (9:1) distributed between first-stage and second-stage denitrification unit, the HRT of first-stage denitrification unit, aerobic unit ，second-stage denitrification unit (22 h, 57 h and 9 h, respectively), the average COD, and TN concentration were 187 mg/L and 35.7 mg/L respectively in the effluent of the biological denitrification treatment system. (3) The result of the on-site pilot scale test showed, tannery wastewater can be treated effectively by the combined process constituted by biological treatment system including UASB, two-stage UDNSB and biological contact oxidation pond and depth processing system including Fenton oxidation and biological aerated filter. Under the condition of total HRT of 111 h, the influent COD, TN and NH4+-N concentrations were 2954±1977 mg/L, 320±201 mg/L and 231±103 mg/L respectively, the removal ratio of COD, TN and NH4+-N correspondingly reached 97%, 90% and 98%, and the final effluent COD, TN and NH4+-N concentrations is 84.3±11.8 mg/L, 31.8±1.9 mg/L and 2.7±1.5 mg/L. The effluent quality met the " Discharge standard of water pollutants for leather and fur processing industry "(GB 30486-2013). |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/37041]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_环境水质学国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 于勇. 用于碳氮同时去除的制革废水处理组合工艺研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2016. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：生态环境研究中心
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