超声相控阵技术在石油测井中的应用研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 邓方青 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2007-06-25 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院声学研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 声学研究所 |
| 关键词 | 超声相控阵 柱面相控阵探头 扫查 管道 |
| 其他题名 | Research of Ultrasonic Phased Array Technology Applied in Borehole logging |
| 学位专业 | 声学 |
| 中文摘要 | 超声相控阵技术能动态地进行聚焦发射和聚焦接收，不受被检测物体外形的限制，具有较高的灵敏度、分辨率和信噪比等优点，是目前无损检测领域的研究热点。本文开展了有关利用柱面超声相控阵探头进行井下电视的理论和试验研究。 推导了矩形活塞稳态和瞬态声场的计算方法。并对1D线阵的瞬态和稳态聚焦声场进行了对比。分析了1.25D、1.5D和1.75D阵列的特性，通过数值模拟分析了这三种阵列在仰角方向上的聚焦声场特性。阐述了分割环形阵列的特点，通过数值模拟对比了环形阵列与分割环形阵列的聚焦声场特性。分析了分割环形阵列与2D面阵在声束偏转和聚焦情况下的生产分布特点。 设计制作了中心频率为180k Hz的16阵元的线性相控阵探头，测试了线性相控探头的聚焦的特性，并对其辐射声场进行了测量，与理论计算值有比较好的吻合。 设计了一个柱面超声相控阵探头，所有阵元都均匀分布在一定尺寸的圆周上，每个阵元都是矩形阵元，通过数值模拟分析了不同的阵列参数对聚焦声场分布的影响，包括总的阵元数目、动态阵元数目、声束偏转角度、阵元间距等参数。 制作了一个柱面相控阵探头，测试了探头的聚焦特性。全面阐述了利用柱面相控阵探头在仪器偏心的情况下进行管道质量检测的方法并开展了有关的实验。并对不同尺寸的裂缝进行了扫查，得到了扫查后的图像。分析了扫查过程中噪声产生的原因，分析出噪声主要是由系统噪声、阵元的不一致性以及管壁不光滑造成的。 |
| 英文摘要 | Ultrasonic Phased Array testing can accomplish dynamic focusing and the inspection of workpieces with complex geometry. Also it can improve greatly the detection sensitivity, resolution and SNR, which lead to its high recognition in NDT research domain. The calculation method of rectangle piston in continues wave and pulse wave exciting is analyzed detailed. Radiation acoustic fields of a linear phased array in continue wave and pulse wave exciting are compared particularly. In addition, 1.25D, 1.5D and 1.75D ultrasonic phased array focused acoustic field had been simulated by numerical method. Also, a segmented annular phased array is depicted in detail. Comparing with the annular phased array, the segmented annular phased array not only can focus in axial direction but also can steer acoustic beam. A linear phased array with 16 elements and the center frequency of the transducer is 180k Hz is designed and fabricated, and a series of experiments about radiant acoustic field are carried out. The experimental characteristics of the transducer are in good agreement with numerical ones. A new ultrasonic cylindrical phased array transducer is designed for testing pipe quality inside the pipe without instrument rotation. Comparing with the conventional rotated transducers, it can decrease the mechanical complexity greatly. The focuseing characteristic of the radiation acoustic field of the cylindrical phased array is studied by numerical simulation. The effect of the focal distance, effective aperture, transducer radius, number of total element, and steering angle on the acoustic field distribution is investigated. We fabricated a cylindrical phased array transducer and carried out a series of experiments. The pipe of 152mm diameter with 2mm flaw can be detected accurately. Many factors have been analyzed about affecting scan result. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-05-07 |
| 页码 | 127 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.59.140/handle/311008/148]  |
| 专题 | 声学研究所_声学所博硕士学位论文_1981-2009博硕士学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 邓方青. 超声相控阵技术在石油测井中的应用研究[D]. 声学研究所. 中国科学院声学研究所. 2007. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：声学研究所
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