水声网络的研究与初步实践
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 魏丽萍 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2009-05-26 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院声学研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 声学研究所 |
| 关键词 | 直序扩频 簇头多用户接收 码分多址 停止等待ARQ 最优数据包长 混合ACK MAC协议 SoftUAM 水声网络原型 |
| 其他题名 | Study and practice on the underwater acoustic network |
| 学位专业 | 声学 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文以水声网络分层体系结构为基础，以实现类似无线传感器网络的水声网络原型为目标，对涉及到的部分课题进行了理论研究，重点是与水声信道特性密切相关的物理层和数据链路层的有关内容。在此基础上，通过不同仿真验证方式，进行了水声网络原型组网技术和协议的初步实践。 尝试将直序扩频技术联合相干通信作为水声网络物理层通信机制，充分发挥扩频技术在水声通信中的优势，并配合信道测量和信道匹配技术提高物理层性能；针对网络中可能存在的簇头多用户接收问题，在扩频技术基础上，研究了一种基于CDMA的非集中式接收机算法，仿真结果表明在传输速率较慢的场合中接收性能优于常规接收算法，也为进一步研究水声网络CDMA物理层和MAC层技术奠定基础。 针对水声网络的半双工特性，通过对基本S&W及其改进协议进行理论分析和数值计算，说明基于数据包序列的S&W协议是有望实用化、并能够提高网络效率的LLC协议较好之选，并评估了底层参数对最优数据包长和吞吐量效率的影响，为根据底层环境参数进行链路层数据封装提供了理论指导和参考。将隐式ACK的概念引入水声多跳网络中，研究了一种混合ACK确认机制，仿真结果说明混合ACK机制的使用能够较好地克服不对称信道的影响，抑制重发风暴，降低网络功耗。 针对特定网络应用场景，设计并实现了一种基于令牌的MAC协议，以陆地无线传感器网络WiSen硬件为仿真试验平台，结合水声信道仿真参数，验证了协议在预设场景下的可用性。 提出了基于SoftUAM的水声网络仿真研究方法，通过设计相应的MAC协议和路由协议，完成了四个节点的空气声组网试验，对SoftUAM的概念和使用起到一定的验证作用。 以前文部分相关研究为依据，将节点相互连通性、数据包存储及多跳转发、远程控制获取节点数据、路由表、稳健通信等网络概念在水声网络原型试验的初步实践中加以实现和验证。 论文的主要创新点有：将扩频通信机制应用于水声网络物理层；最优包长研究为根据底层环境参数进行水声网络链路层数据封装提供了理论指导和参考；将SoftUAM的概念应用于水声网络仿真实验中。 |
| 英文摘要 | Based on the layered structure of the underwater acoustic networks (UAN), the paper studied some topics involved in the target of realizing a UAN prototype, especially paid attention to the physical layer and data link layer which are influenced most by underwater acoustic channel characteristics. Some initial practices on UAN prototype were carried out through several simulation, test methods and sea trail. Technique combing DSSS and coherent communication was applied in UAN physical layer to make use of their advantages in underwater acoustic communication. An algorithm of decentralized receiver based on CDMA was studied to deal with the problem of multi-user reception in cluster head which probably exists in UAN. Simulation results showed that the performance of the proposed algorithm is better than original receiver algorithm when transmission rate is low. Aim at the half-duplex character of UAN, the paper analyzed basic S&W protocol and its modified protocols. Numerical results showed that packet-train-based S&W protocols are suitable in UAN data link layer to improve network performance. The evaluation of the influence of channel parameters on the optimal packet length and throughput efficiency provided theoretic guidance and reference for the framing of data packets. Concept of implicit ACK was introduced to UAN, and mixed ACK strategy was presented to overcome influence of the asymmetrical channels, restrain avalanche effect and reduce power consumption of UAN. A token-based MAC protocol was designed according to the specific UAN application scenario. It was tested using underwater acoustic channel parameters and the WiSen hardware which was a platform of the terrestrial wireless sensor network. Results showed that the protocol is effective and usable in the pre-designed scenario and topology. The paper presented the concept of SoftUAM, which can be seen as a new simulation or emulation method in UAN study. To testify the SoftUAM concept and its usage, corresponding MAC and routing protocols were designed, and experiments of air acoustic network comprising of four nodes were implemented. Finally sea trail of the UAN prototype was carried out, and some basic network concepts, such as connectivity between nodes, multi-hop relay of packets, remote control and data acquisition, route table and robust communication, were successfully realized and testified. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-05-07 |
| 页码 | 123 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.59.140/handle/311008/442]  |
| 专题 | 声学研究所_声学所博硕士学位论文_1981-2009博硕士学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 魏丽萍. 水声网络的研究与初步实践[D]. 声学研究所. 中国科学院声学研究所. 2009. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：声学研究所
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