With the development of computer vision and image processing technology, vision measurement has been paid more and more attention. In the aviation field, estimating the relative attitude of aircraft using computer vision is important in aircraft flight-refueling, target tracking and positioning. However, the existing methods to measure the attitude of aircraft have some problems. In this paper, we propose to use binocular vision measurement method to acquire the attitude data of aircraft. This method has the advantages of simple realization and high practical value, which can also be widely used in visional measurement applications. © 2017 SPIE.