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Elucidating the urban levels, sources and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Pakistan: Implications for changing energy demand

文献类型：期刊论文

作者Hamid, Naima1,2,3; Syed, Jabir Hussain4,5; Junaid, Muhammad2,3; Mahmood, Adeel6,7; Li, Jun6; Zhang, Gan6; Malik, Riffat Naseem1
刊名SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
出版日期2018-04-01
卷号619页码:165-175
关键词Indoor/outdoor Air/dust Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Source apportionment models Risk assessment Energy challenges
ISSN号0048-9697
DOI10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.080
英文摘要Due to the severe fuel crisis in terms of natural gas, a paradigm shift in fuel combustion (diesel, gasoline, and biomass) may increase the atmospheric emissions and associated health risks in Pakistan. Present study was aimed to investigate the concentration of fugitive PAHs in the environment (outdoor and indoor settings), associated probabilistic health risk assessment in the exposed population, and possible linkage between fuel consumption patterns and PAHs emissions in twin cities (Rawalpindi and Islamabad) of Pakistan. Results showed that the mean PAHs concentrations (air: 2390 pg m(-3); dust: 167 ng g(-1)) in the indoor environment were higher than that of the outdoor environment (air: 2132 pg m(-3); dust: 90.0 ng g(-1)). Further, the source apportionment PCA-MLR receptor model identified diesel and gasoline combustion as the primary PAHs sources in the urban and sub-urban settings. Estimated life cancer risk (LCR) potential via inhalation to indoor PAHs was higher with a probability of 2.0 cases per 10,000 inhabitants as compared to outdoor exposure. Incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model from exposure to dust bound PAHs showed risk in the order of ingestion > dermal > inhalation for various exposure pathways. Likewise, estimated daily intake (EDI) model reflects that PAHs in surface dust enter into the human body mainly through the respiratory system because EDI for breathing was reported higher than that of oral intake. Therefore, adoption of sustainable fuels is recommended to meet the energy requirements and to reduce PAHs emissions and related health risks in the twin cities of Pakistan. (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
资助项目Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)[2015PE029] ; NSFC[41550110225]
WOS研究方向Environmental Sciences & Ecology
语种英语
WOS记录号WOS:000424144200018
出版者ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
源URL[http://119.78.100.138/handle/2HOD01W0/4514]  
专题环境与健康研究中心
通讯作者Syed, Jabir Hussain; Malik, Riffat Naseem
作者单位1.Quaid I Azam Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Environm Biol & Ecotoxicol Lab, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
2.Chinese Acad Sci, Chongqing Inst Green & Intelligent Technol, Chongqing 400714, Peoples R China
3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
4.COMSATS Inst Informat Technol CIIT, Dept Meteorol, Pk Rd, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
5.Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
6.Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China
7.Govt Coll Women Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Sialkot, Pakistan
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714		 Hamid, Naima,Syed, Jabir Hussain,Junaid, Muhammad,et al. Elucidating the urban levels, sources and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Pakistan: Implications for changing energy demand[J]. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,2018,619:165-175.
APA Hamid, Naima.,Syed, Jabir Hussain.,Junaid, Muhammad.,Mahmood, Adeel.,Li, Jun.,...&Malik, Riffat Naseem.(2018).Elucidating the urban levels, sources and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Pakistan: Implications for changing energy demand.SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,619,165-175.
MLA Hamid, Naima,et al."Elucidating the urban levels, sources and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Pakistan: Implications for changing energy demand".SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 619(2018):165-175.

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来源：重庆绿色智能技术研究院

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