Health hazards of child labor in the leather products and surgical instrument manufacturing industries of Sialkot, Pakistan
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Junaid, Muhammad1,2,3; Malik, Riffat Naseem3; Pei, De-Sheng1
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| 刊名 | ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
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| 出版日期 | 2017-07-01 |
| 卷号 | 226页码:198-211 |
| ISSN号 | 0269-7491 |
| 关键词 | Chemical daily intake Child labor Heavy metal contamination Health risks Occupational exposure |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.026 |
| 通讯作者 | Pei, DS (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Chongqing Inst Green & Intelligent Technol, Chongqing 400714, Peoples R China. ; Malik, RN (reprint author), Quaid I Azam Univ, Fac Biol Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Environm Biol & Ecotoxicol Lab, Islamabad, Pakistan. |
| 英文摘要 | Child labor is a major challenge in the developing countries and comprehensive health hazard identification studies on this issue are still lacking. Therefore, the current study is an effort to highlight the health concerns of child labor exposed in the key small scale industries of Sialkot, Pakistan. Our findings revealed jolting levels of heavy metals in the urine, blood, serum, saliva, and hair samples collected from the exposed children. For example, in the urine samples, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb were measured at the respective concentrations of 39.17, 62.02, 11.94 and 10.53 a in the surgical industries, and 2.10, 4.41, 1.04 and 535 mu g/L in the leather industries. In addition, source apportionment revealed polishing, cutting, and welding sections in the surgical industries and surface coating, crusting, and stitching sections in the leather industries were the highest contributors of heavy metals in the bio-matrices of the exposed children, implying the dusty, unhygienic, and unhealthy indoor working conditions. Further, among all the bio-matrices, the hair samples expressed the highest bioaccumulation factor for heavy metals. In accordance with the heavy metal levels reported in the exposed children, higher oxidative stress was found in the children working in the surgical industries than those from the leather industries. Moreover, among heavy metals' exposure pathways, inhalation of industrial dust was identified as the primary route of exposure followed by the ingestion and dermal contact. Consequently, chemical daily intake (CD!), carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic hazard quotients (HQs) of heavy metals were also reported higher in the exposed children and were also alarmingly higher than the corresponding US EPA threshold limits. Taken all together, children were facing serious health implications in these industries and need immediate protective measures to remediate the current situation. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| 资助项目 | Three Hundred Leading Talents in Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Chongqing ; UCAS Scholarship for International Students[2015A8018508421] ; Key Application and Development Program of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission[cstc2014yykfC20004] ; Department of Environmental Science, Quaid-i-Azam University ; Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 出版者 | ELSEVIER SCI LTD |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000405881800022 |
| 源URL | [http://172.16.51.4:88/handle/2HOD01W0/196]  |
| 专题 | 环境与健康研究中心 |
| 通讯作者 | Malik, Riffat Naseem; Pei, De-Sheng |
| 作者单位 | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Chongqing Inst Green & Intelligent Technol, Chongqing 400714, Peoples R China 2.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 3.Quaid I Azam Univ, Fac Biol Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Environm Biol & Ecotoxicol Lab, Islamabad, Pakistan |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Junaid, Muhammad,Malik, Riffat Naseem,Pei, De-Sheng. Health hazards of child labor in the leather products and surgical instrument manufacturing industries of Sialkot, Pakistan[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION,2017,226:198-211. |
| APA | Junaid, Muhammad,Malik, Riffat Naseem,&Pei, De-Sheng.(2017).Health hazards of child labor in the leather products and surgical instrument manufacturing industries of Sialkot, Pakistan.ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION,226,198-211. |
| MLA | Junaid, Muhammad,et al."Health hazards of child labor in the leather products and surgical instrument manufacturing industries of Sialkot, Pakistan".ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 226(2017):198-211. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：重庆绿色智能技术研究院
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