Feedback traps for virtual potentials
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Gavrilov, M; Bechhoefer, J; Bechhoefer, J (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.; Bechhoefer, J (reprint author), Kavli Inst Theoret Phys China CAS, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. |
| 刊名 | PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
 |
| 出版日期 | 2017 |
| 卷号 | 375期号:2088页码:20160217 |
| 关键词 | Feedback Trap Information Engine Landauer Limit Maxwell Demon Optimal Control Stochastic Work |
| DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0217 |
| 英文摘要 | Feedback traps are tools for trapping and manipulating single charged objects, such as molecules in solution. An alternative to optical tweezers and other single-molecule techniques, they use feedback to counteract the Brownian motion of a molecule of interest. The trap first acquires information about a molecule's position and then applies an electric feedback force to move the molecule. Since electric forces are stronger than optical forces at small scales, feedback traps are the best way to trap single molecules without 'touching' them (e.g. by putting them in a small box or attaching them to a tether). Feedback traps can do more than trap molecules: they can also subject a target object to forces that are calculated to be the gradient of a desired potential function U(x). If the feedback loop is fast enough, it creates a virtual potential whose dynamics will be very close to those of a particle in an actual potential U(x). But because the dynamics are entirely a result of the feedback loop-absent the feedback, there is only an object diffusing in a fluid-we are free to specify and then manipulate in time an arbitrary potential U(x, t). Here, we review recent applications of feedback traps to studies on the fundamental connections between information and thermodynamics, a topic where feedback plays an even more fundamental role. We discuss how recursive maximum-likelihood techniques allow continuous calibration, to compensate for drifts in experiments that last for days. We consider ways to estimate work and heat, using them to measure fluctuating energies to a precision of +/- 0.03 kT over these long experiments. Finally, we compare work and heat measurements of the costs of information erasure, the Landauer limit of kT ln 2 per bit of information erased. We argue that, when you want to know the average heat transferred to a bath in a long protocol, you should measure instead the average work and then infer the heat using the first law of thermodynamics. This article is part of the themed issue 'Horizons of cybernetical physics'. |
| 学科主题 | Science & Technology - Other Topics |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.itp.ac.cn/handle/311006/22111]  |
| 专题 | 理论物理研究所_理论物理所1978-2010年知识产出 |
| 通讯作者 | Bechhoefer, J (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.; Bechhoefer, J (reprint author), Kavli Inst Theoret Phys China CAS, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Gavrilov, M,Bechhoefer, J,Bechhoefer, J ,et al. Feedback traps for virtual potentials[J]. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES,2017,375(2088):20160217. |
| APA | Gavrilov, M,Bechhoefer, J,Bechhoefer, J ,&Bechhoefer, J .(2017).Feedback traps for virtual potentials.PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES,375(2088),20160217. |
| MLA | Gavrilov, M,et al."Feedback traps for virtual potentials".PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 375.2088(2017):20160217. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：理论物理研究所
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