基于产品线工程的组件容器开发方法研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 刘国梁 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2009-01-12 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院软件研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 软件研究所 |
| 关键词 | 组件容器 产品线工程 软件开发方法 组件模型 领域建模 原子需求 产品线体系结构 |
| 其他题名 | Research on Product Line Engineering Based Development Method of Component Containers |
| 中文摘要 | 近年来，随着Internet规模的增长，分布式组件技术快速发展，新的组件模型不断涌现，现有的组件模型也持续更新。组件容器为组件及组件应用提供部署和运行环境，是基于组件分布式应用开发的核心。组件模型的多样化和快速演化要求组件容器的开发方法将研究范围扩大到整个领域。产品线工程是基于软件核心资产构建软件产品系列的工程方法，将产品线工程方法应用于组件容器领域可以促进组件容器的系统化复用，获得更高的生产效率和产品质量。 由于组件容器领域的特点，应用过程中现有的产品线工程方法体现出一些不足。产品线工程包括领域工程和应用工程，其中领域工程又由领域分析、领域设计和领域实现构成。组件模型是组件容器需求的主要来源，但目前缺乏对组件模型的统一认识和详细分析；领域分析建模要求领域模型有效地刻画领域需求的组织结构、相互关系和变化性，并提供具体的建模过程指导，现有的面向特征、基于用例等领域建模方法存在语义模糊、粒度不当、缺乏具体流程指导等不足。 针对上述问题，论文按照软件开发流程顺序，从需求分析、领域建模、领域设计等方面，对组件容器设计和开发的若干关键问题进行了重点研究，包括组件模型分析、基于原子需求的领域建模方法、组件容器产品线体系结构等。 首先，由于组件模型是组件容器需求的主要来源，针对现有的组件模型分析方法粒度较大的问题，通过分析相关软件实体可能具有的各种约束，选择从语法、部署和交互三个方面，得到构成组件模型的模型元素，提出了一个细粒度的组件模型分析框架。将该分析框架应用于目前有代表性的分布式组件模型，基于分析结果提炼了分布式组件模型的主要公共特征，并与其他分析方法做了对比。 另一方面给出了基于原子需求的领域建模方法。以原子需求概念为基础，提出了一个多层次的领域需求描述模型，从用例、原子需求等多个层次刻画领域需求，并基于变化点建立独立的变化性描述机制。介绍了相应的领域建模过程，包括其建模步骤、建模原则和描述规范，为领域分析人员提供具体指导。并结合领域实例探讨了领域建模的过程。 基于以上工作，本文设计了组件容器产品线体系结构PLACE。首先将基于软件实体的组件模型分析框架与基于原子需求的领域建模方法相结合，建立组件容器领域模型，进而提出了组件容器产品线体系结构PLACE，从体系结构、模块功能、变化性设计和变化性管理等方面介绍了其设计。具体组件容器的设计实例表明，PLACE通过在组件模型和体系结构间建立直接的对应关系，有效促进了组件容器领域内的系统化复用。 最后，我们将上述方法应用于网驰平台中组件容器产品系列包括Web容器、EJB容器、BPEL容器和Portlet容器等的设计。实验结果证实了基于PLACE的开发方法在保证产品功能正确性的同时，提高了组件容器领域内的结构复用性，获得了更高的生产效率和产品质量。 |
| 英文摘要 | Component containers play a key role as the infrastructure of component-based distributed applications at deployment and run time. Over the last decade, as Internet applications growing and distributed component technologies making rapid progress, various kinds of component models are emerging and evolving, which brings great challenges to development method of component containers. Product line engineering (PLE) is one of the most promising techniques for achieving increased software quality and productivity, which builds software product family with reusable core assets. PLE is appropriate candidate method to promote systematic reuse within component container domain. PLE consists of domain engineering and application engineering, while the former can be further divided into domain analysis & modeling, domain design and domain realization. However, current PLE methods show some inadequacy when applying to component container domain. During domain requirement elicitation phase, there is no common understanding and detailed analysis of most component models, which are main sources of component containers’ requirements; during domain modeling phase, current domain modeling approaches, which can be classified into feature-oriented and use case-based categories, are time-consuming and difficult to follow without objective criteria, proper granularity and practical guidelines. In this thesis, several key problems of component container design and development are studied, including component model analysis, domain modeling based on atomic requirements (AR) and product line architecture (PLA) of component container in the order of software development process. Firstly, we propose an analyzing framework for component models. Constituent parts of component models are analyzed from view point of involved software entities, through three chosen aspects: syntax, deployment and interaction, and with fine-grained component model elements. We have applied the framework to several representative distributed component models, and discussed their common characteristics based on analyzing results, which in the end compared with other analyzing methods. In the other hand, domain modeling method based on AR is proposed. We introduce AR-based multi-layered domain requirement description model and separated variability description model based on variation point. Domain requirements are described in use case layer and AR layer, which composes description model independent from variability modeling. Corresponding modeling process includes steps, principles and documentation schemas, to provide practical guidance for domain analysts, and then, discussion with modeling procedure of concrete domain is given. Based on above works, we design a PLA of component containers – PLACE (Product Line Architecture for component Container Environment). Component model analyzing framework is combined with AR-based domain modeling method to construct domain model of component container, which is further turned into modular structure of PLACE. We introduce PLACE from architectural, functional, variability design and management aspects. Case study shows that PLACE efficiently enhances systematic reuse within component container domain through building traceability links between component models and software architecture. Finally, we apply our method to design and development of product family of component containers in ONCE (Open Network Computing Environment) platform, which includes web container, EJB container, BPEL container and Portlet container. Results confirm that PLACE-based development method improve structural reusability, gain high productivity and quality, while ensure functional correctness of component containers. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-03-17 |
| 页码 | 147 |
| 源URL | [http://124.16.136.157/handle/311060/5976]  |
| 专题 | 软件研究所_软件工程技术研究开发中心 _学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刘国梁. 基于产品线工程的组件容器开发方法研究[D]. 软件研究所. 中国科学院软件研究所. 2009. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：软件研究所
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