氧化锆红外透明陶瓷的制备及其性能研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 胡旭 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 姜雄伟 |
| 关键词 | 红外窗口，氧化锆红外透明陶瓷，晶粒细化，稳定剂 Infrared Window, Zirconia Infrared Transparent Ceramics, Grain Refinement, Stabilizer |
| 其他题名 | Preparation and properties of zirconia infrared transparent ceramics |
| 英文摘要 | 随着飞行器从超音速向高超音速的发展，红外窗口材料也面临着全新的挑战。恶劣的环境需要它具有更高的机械性能、抗热冲击性能以及较低的发射率。因此开发适用于高超音速环境下的红外窗口候选材料是发展高超音速武器的必经途径。部分稳定四方相氧化锆陶瓷，由于具有极优异的力学性能，良好的化学稳定性、较低的发射率，无吸水性等优势，有很大潜力成为新一代红外窗口材料。本文主要研究了3mol%氧化钇稳定氧化锆（3Y-TZP）红外透明陶瓷；并探索了一种全新的稳定剂——氧化镥，以期降低陶瓷发射率，获得一种全新的红外窗口材料。创新点及重要成果如下： （1）通过氧气气氛预烧加热等静压烧结技术，成功细化了3Y-TZP 红外透明陶瓷的晶粒，研究预烧温度对陶瓷微观形貌、透过率、相组成的影响；同时进行空气中预烧加热等静压的对比实验，证实了氧气气氛预烧可以抑制晶粒生长，获得平均晶粒尺寸约138nm 的纳米晶粒陶瓷，3~5μm 红外透过率为76%，接近理论透过率；氧气气氛下获得的更小的纳米晶粒使力学性能得到优化，硬度值达到13.79GPa，弯曲强度1737MPa，均匀性更好，可靠性更高；最后，探索3Y-TZP陶瓷的高温性能，400℃下红外透过率依旧保持73%~76%的较高水平；发射率较低，优于蓝宝石、尖晶石、ALON 常用窗口材料。 （2）探索一种氧化锆新型稳定剂——氧化镥，以期降低陶瓷发射率。首先，探索稳定剂掺杂浓度对陶瓷相组成的影响，当稳定剂浓度为4mol%时，可获得氧化锆四方相且透过率相对较高，但仍需改进：改善氧化镥粉体原料，研究球磨时间对陶瓷粉体的影响，得出球磨最佳时间为36 小时；对所制备的4mol%氧化镥稳定氧化锆陶瓷进行力学性能测试，硬度达13.50GPa，断裂韧性3.93MPa*m1/2，由于断面气孔存在，弯曲强度相对较低为592MPa；透过率最高可达76%；探索陶瓷发射率，少量氧化镥的加入并没有使中红外波段发射率发生太大变化，但也没有对陶瓷发射率产生坏的影响。; With the development of aircraft evolving from supersonic to hypersonic, infrared window materials confront challenges. Superior mechanical durability, thermal shock resistance and lower radiation are needed because of the harsh environment. Therefore, the development of candidate infrared window materials for hypersonic conditions is an inevitable requirement for the development of hypersonic weapons. Partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia ceramics have excellent mechanical properties, good chemical stability, low emissivity and no hygroscopic. It has great potential to become a new generation of infrared window materials. In this paper, 3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (3Y-TZP) infrared transparent ceramics were studied. Meanwhile, a new stabilizer, lutetium oxide, was explored to reduce the ceramic emittance and obtain a new infrared window material. The innovations and important achievements are as follows: (1) The crystal grains of 3Y-TZP infrared transparent ceramics were successfully refined by pre-sintering in an oxygen atmosphere and hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The effects of pre-sintering temperature on the microstructure morphology, transmittance and phase composition of the ceramics were studied. As a comparative experiment, pre-sintering in air and subsequent HIP was carried out. It was confirmed that pre-sintering in an oxygen atmosphere can suppress grain growth, and the average grain size about 138 nm was obtained. The infrared transmittance between 3 to 5 μm was 76%, closed to the theoretical transmission. And the smaller nanometer grains obtained in the oxygen atmosphere optimized the mechanical properties. The hardness value reached 13.79 GPa, the bending strength was 1737 MPa. The uniformity was better, and the reliability was higher. Finally, the high-temperature performance of 3Y-TZP ceramics was explored. The infrared transmittance at the temperature of 400℃ still maintained a high level of 73%~76%. The emissivity was lower than commonly used window materials, such as sapphire, spinel, ALON. (2) A new stabilizer, lutetium oxide, was explored to reduce the ceramic emittance. Firstly, the effect of stabilizer doping concentration on the ceramic phase composition was explored. It was determined that when the stabilizer concentration was 4 mol%, the zirconium tetragonal phase was obtained and the transmittance was relatively high. But the properties still need to be improved: to make the raw powders better, and study the effect of different milling time on powders. It was found that the best ball milling time was 36 hours. The mechanical properties of the prepared 4 mol% lutetium oxide-stabilized zirconia ceramics were tested. The hardness was 13.50 GPa, and the fracture toughness was 3.93 MPa*m1/2. Due to the presence of fractured pores, 592 MPa of the bending strength was relatively low; The highest transmittance can reach 76%; The addition of a small amount of lutetium oxide did not change the mid-infrared emittance, and did not have a bad effect on the emittance. |
| 学科主题 | 材料工程 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/31029]  |
| 专题 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 作者单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 胡旭. 氧化锆红外透明陶瓷的制备及其性能研究[D]. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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