星载激光雷达多波长高精度光电探测技术研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 左维康 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 陈卫标 |
| 关键词 | 星载激光雷达 Space-borne Lidar 光电探测器 Photon detector 线性度 Linearity 信噪比 Signal-noise ratio, 误差分析 Error analysis |
| 其他题名 | The Research of the Multi-wavelength and High Precision Detection Technology for Spaceborne Lidar |
| 英文摘要 | 激光雷达由于具有探测灵敏度高、分辨率高、抗干扰能力强等优点，在精确探测温室气体时空分布，探测气溶胶和云垂直分布等方面发挥着重要作用。光电接收探测单元是激光雷达接收系统的核心，探测单元的性能直接影响了探测系统乃至整个激光雷达系统的性能。本论文主要开展了以下研究内容。 介绍了激光雷达多波段的光电探测单元，针对大气CO2浓度探测和气溶胶云探测等不同应用目标需求，分别开展了光电探测单元中光电倍增管（PMT）和雪崩光电二极管（APD）探测模块的电子学功能设计。开展了光电探测器基本理论分析，研究了PMT探测器和APD探测器基本特性，分析了探测器光电响应特性、噪声和信噪比及相关影响因素，同时分析了光电探测器的基本特性参数。 开展了激光雷达532nm/1064nm/1572nm三波长接收各探测模块电子学设计，针对大动态范围信号探测需求，每个探测模块设计了不同倍率的放大电路，仿真模拟了放大电路的性能，并实际测试了各放大电路性能，两者吻合性好，满足了设计需求。 搭建了一套实验装置，利用模拟的回波光信号，研究激光雷达多波长光电探测模块的特性，检测各探测通道噪声，最小可探测光功率和响应线性度等。对激光雷达多波长光电探测单元各探测模块的关键特性参数进行了测试，给出了各探测通道的探测光信号最小可探测光功率、不同光功率下的响应信号和信噪比等。 针对1572nm通道CO2浓度高精度探测需求，介绍了激光雷达反演CO2浓度基本方法，分析了APD探测器非线性度以及探测器噪声在激光雷达反演CO2浓度柱线浓度过程中引入的误差，为后期非线性误差校正和探测器性能评估提供了重要参考数据。; Lidar is playing a more and more important role in the accurate detection of the spatial and temporal distribution of the greenhouse gas, and the detection of the vertical distribution of aerosol and cloud because of its high sensitivity, high resolution and strong anti- interference capability. The photoelectric detection unit is the core of the Lidar receiver system, so its performance can influence the capacity of the Lidar directly. The followings are presented in this thesis. First，the multi-wavelength space-borne Lidar photon detection unit is analyzed. For the different requirements of carbon-dioxide (CO2) column density and aerosols profiles measurement, the photomultiplier (PMT) and Avalanche Photo Diode (APD) detector module are designed. The photon detectors of PMT and APD are studied and the principle factors related to performance are analyzed, such as photon to electric response and noise and signal to noise ratio. According to wide dynamic range signal detection, we designed different detector circuits for the 532nm/1064nm/1572nm wavelength detector, especially the amplifier with different gain and bandwidth. The performances of the amplifier circuits are simulated and measured. They agree with well, and can meet the requirements. An experimental setup of optical signal generator is built to study the performance of the multi-wavelength space-borne Lidar photon detection unit. The generator can output pulse laser at 532nm and 1064nm and 1572nm, and the pulse duration and pulse repetition rate could be changed in wide range. Different detectors performances are measured and sensitivity and linearity and signal to noise ratio are obtained. According 1572nm channel CO2 high accurate measurement, the space Lidar CO2 column concentration retrieval method are presented. The CO2 error induced by the non-linearity of the detector and detector noise are analyzed, which is important for future detector non-linearity error correction and the performance evaluation of the detector. |
| 学科主题 | 光学工程 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/30976]  |
| 专题 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 作者单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 左维康. 星载激光雷达多波长高精度光电探测技术研究[D]. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：上海光学精密机械研究所
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