中国科学院机构知识库网格
Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid
上海地区大气水汽垂直约束方程的建立及其在GPS水汽层析中的应用

文献类型:学位论文

作者杨剑
学位类别硕士
答辩日期2008-06-12
授予单位中国科学院上海天文台
授予地点上海天文台
导师王小亚
关键词天顶延迟模型 斜路径水汽含量SWV Radiosonde观测 垂直约束方程 三维水汽层析
其他题名The foundation of the vertical equation about water vapor in Shanghai area and the application in Tomography technique
中文摘要Since GPS technique was born, it has so many widespread and far-reaching applications that the inventors and desigers of GPS might have not anticipated when they were engaged in their tasks. We are short of knowledge about the variations and structure of water vapor because of the limited spatio-temporal measurements of routine observing technology. Lack of information about three dimendional water vapor structure which affects the precision of background field of numeric weather forecast mode and the accuracy of weather forecast. Developed in 1990s, ground-based GPS meteorology is a new promising task. The troposphere ranges from ground level to about 40km in alititude. The troposphere delay is one of the major error sources in GPS /GNSS satellite navigation. When GPS signal transmit from the atmosphere to receiver, the signal transmission delay is caused by the troposphere .Based on the above research background, the atmospheric water vapor retrieval has been taken as the center and the methods of satellite remote sensing . This thesis simply introduced present all kinds of methods of obtaining of water vapor. The atmospheric water vapor retrieval based on GPS technique has been discussed from the theory and the practice . In this article, we analyzed the radiosonde data of SHBS in 2005 and 2006. Based on these data, we established the restricted equation in vertical direction and applied the restricted equation in the GPS water vapor tomography technique to get the picture about the water vapor structures. The main contents of this thesis are as followings: 1. We analyzed the radiosonde data of SHBS in 2005 and 2006. Based these data, we established the restricted equation in vertical. 2. Then, we used the restricted equation and the Tomography technique to get the picture about the water vapor structures. 3. We introduced the technique of the reserched troposphere delay and pointed out the advantige and the disadvantige of the many techniques. 4. We evaluated the precision about Hopfield、Saastamoinen and EGNOS tropospheric delay correction model.
英文摘要GPS技术自它产生,就出现了令设计者们都未预料到的广泛和深远的应用。地基GPS在气象方面的应用,是到九十年代才发展起来的新课题。对流层是从地面向上约40km范围内的大气层,常规大气观测手段的时空分辨率限制了我们对水汽的时变特性和空间分布的认识,使得我们对全球水汽场和水汽能量循环缺乏详尽的了解,水汽三维分布信息的欠缺影响了数值天气预报模式初始湿度场的精度和数值天气预报的准确度,GPS技术为探测大气三维水汽提供了一种新的手段。GPS卫星信号经过地球外部的大气层传播至地基GPS接收机时,受到对流层大气折射的影响,产生时延和路径弯曲,由此造成信号的传播延迟。通过GPS数据精密定轨定位处理,可以获得总天顶延迟,然后通过理论模型计算给出出干延迟,考虑大气各项异性的水平梯度变化和残差信息中可能的大气信息,从而可获得较可靠和全面的的斜路径水汽延迟SWV。本论文主要分析了2005年和2006年的上海宝山radiosonde资料,根据资料提供的气象参数剖面信息建立了上海地区上空的垂直约束方程,并且结合GPS的实测SWV数据,将得出的垂直约束方程用到了层析上海地区GPS大气水汽中去,给出了上海地区基于GPS观测的水汽层析图。 本论文主要研究内容是: 1 介绍了目前探测大气水汽含量的技术及其原理和方法,指出了不同探测技术的优缺点,提出综合探测大气水汽含量的意义。 2. 研究了不同类型的对流层天顶延迟模型和映射函数选取问题,旨在GPS水汽反演中可以获得较准确可靠的可降水量和斜路径水汽含量观测值。 3. 在分析了2005年和2006年上海宝山2年左右的radiosonde资料之后,根据资料提供的气象参数剖面信息建立了上海地区上空水汽变化的垂直约束方程。 4. 分析了GPS数据资料,建立了斜路径水汽含量计算模型和结果,并在此基础上结合上面获得的Radiosonde水汽变化垂直约束方程给出了上海地区GPS 1 X4 X10层(纬度X经度X高度)的水汽剖面图,为基于GPS数据观测近实时反演四维水汽场奠定了基础。
语种中文
公开日期2011-07-01
页码58
源URL[http://119.78.226.72//handle/331011/14696]  
专题上海天文台_中国科学院上海天文台学位论文
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
杨剑. 上海地区大气水汽垂直约束方程的建立及其在GPS水汽层析中的应用[D]. 上海天文台. 中国科学院上海天文台. 2008.

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来源:上海天文台

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