On the solution to the "frozen star" paradox, nature of astrophysical black holes, non-existence of gravitational singularity in the physical universe and applicability of the birkhoff's theorem
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Zhang, Shuang-Nan |
| 刊名 | International journal of modern physics d
 |
| 出版日期 | 2011-09-01 |
| 卷号 | 20期号:10页码:1891-1899 |
| 关键词 | Frozen star Black hole Singularity Birkhoff's theorem Shapiro delay |
| ISSN号 | 0218-2718 |
| DOI | 10.1142/s0218271811019906 |
| 通讯作者 | Zhang, shuang-nan(zhangsn@ihep.ac.cn) |
| 英文摘要 | Oppenheimer and snyder found in 1939 that gravitational collapse in vacuum produces a "frozen star", i.e. the collapsing matter only asymptotically approaches the gravitational radius (event horizon) of the mass, but never cross it within a finite time for an external observer. based upon our recent publication on the problem of gravitational collapse in the physical universe for an external observer, the following results are reported here: (1) matter can indeed fall across the event horizon within a finite time and thus black holes (bhs), rather than "frozen stars", are formed in gravitational collapse in the physical universe. (2) matter fallen into an astrophysical bh can never arrive at the exact center; the exact interior distribution of matter depends upon the history of the collapse process. therefore gravitational singularity does not exist in the physical universe. (3) the metric at any radius is determined by the global distribution of matter, i.e. not only by the matter inside the given radius, even in a spherically symmetric and pressureless gravitational system. this is qualitatively different from the newtonian gravity and the common (mis) understanding of the birkhoff's theorem. this result does not contract the "lemaitre-tolman-bondi" solution for an external observer. |
| WOS研究方向 | Astronomy & Astrophysics |
| WOS类目 | Astronomy & Astrophysics |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000295277300013 |
| 出版者 | WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD |
| URI标识 | http://www.irgrid.ac.cn/handle/1471x/2176234 |
| 专题 | 高能物理研究所 |
| 通讯作者 | Zhang, Shuang-Nan |
| 作者单位 | Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Key Lab Particle Astrophys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Shuang-Nan. On the solution to the "frozen star" paradox, nature of astrophysical black holes, non-existence of gravitational singularity in the physical universe and applicability of the birkhoff's theorem[J]. International journal of modern physics d,2011,20(10):1891-1899. |
| APA | Zhang, Shuang-Nan.(2011).On the solution to the "frozen star" paradox, nature of astrophysical black holes, non-existence of gravitational singularity in the physical universe and applicability of the birkhoff's theorem.International journal of modern physics d,20(10),1891-1899. |
| MLA | Zhang, Shuang-Nan."On the solution to the "frozen star" paradox, nature of astrophysical black holes, non-existence of gravitational singularity in the physical universe and applicability of the birkhoff's theorem".International journal of modern physics d 20.10(2011):1891-1899. |
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来源：高能物理研究所
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