除磷废渣为化工及湿法冶金过程化学除磷的副产物，常含有磷、钙、硅、铝等成分，钒化工过程除磷渣除上述成分外还含有一定量的钒。磷、铝、钒等为有价元素，回收意义重大，但由于组成复杂，目前无合理的资源化利用方法。本文以提钒过程除磷、脱硅后的副产物为切入点，基于对钒化工领域除磷废渣组成与结构的分析，开发出一种除磷废渣资源化利用途径，即以除磷废渣为原料制备磷酸铝并回收其中钒的新工艺。文中首先介绍了资源化利用的工艺流程，同时硫酸浸出、磷酸铝制备及钒回收等关节环节的原理及工艺进行了研究。通过对除磷废渣中各组分的热力学趋势分析，明确了除磷废渣与磷酸的反应为放热反应，且都可以自行发生。在工艺参数优化方面，分别优化了酸浸、磷酸铝制备及钒回收过程的工艺参数。研究结果表明，除磷废渣中主要元素浸出的最优条件为 98%浓硫酸与除磷废渣质量比1:1、液固体积质量比3:1、搅拌转速300r/min，反应温度90℃，反应时间3小时，在该条件下，磷、铝、钒浸出率均大于95%。对于氧化钙中和脱硫过程，选择终点pH=0.5可以有效的消除有价元素磷、铝、钒的损失。对磷、铝、钒分离的研究表明，选择终点pH=8.0可以有效的消除磷酸铝对钒的吸附作用，提高分离效率；同时净化除杂过程的最优条件为：反应终点pH=12，反应时间2h，反应温度80℃。对磷酸铝产品制备方法进行研究的结果表明，终点pH=8.0，磷铝比为最佳，130℃高温转型处理能够使磷酸铝浆料的过滤性能提升30倍。本文的研究可为除磷废渣的资源化利用提供基础。;Phosphorus removal residue is a by-product from the chemical and hydrometallurgical process after phosphorus removal. It often contains phosphorus, calcium, silicon, aluminum, etc. Phosphorus, aluminum and vanadium are valuable elements, and the recycling of such elements is significant for the good to the circumstance. It is difficult to recycle such elements as the result of the variable composition of the residue. In this paper, we developed a new method of phosphorus slag utilization based on the composition and structure analysis of vanadium phosphorus slag from the vanadium-chemical industry , we used the phosphorus removal residue for the preparation the aluminum phosphate as the raw materials, and got the new technology of recovery of vanadium. In this paper, firstly we introduced the new process of resource utilization, the reaction conditions (time, temperature and so on) of the diazotization and coupling were investigated and optimized, and the preparation process of aluminum phosphate is studied. In order to get the optimization of operating conditions, we firstly studied on the reaction between the calcium oxide with sulfuric acid, at the operation condition (pH = 0.5)it can effectively eliminate the losses of the valuable element phosphorus, aluminum, vanadium; at the room temperature the reaction can work well. The studies on the separation of phosphorus, aluminum and vanadium show that at the operation condition (p H=8.0) it can effectively eliminate the adsorption of aluminum phosphate on V and improve the separation process efficiently. The optimal conditions for purification process of aluminum phosphate as followed: the end reaction pH is 12, 2 h reaction time, reaction temperature 80 ℃. The optimal conditions for preparation process of aluminum phosphate as followed: pH = 8.0.The transition treatment at 130 ℃ can greatly improve the behavior of the aluminum phosphate during the filter process The research in this paper can provide a basis for the resource utilization of phosphorus removal residues.